A Multi-perspective Study Of Contrastive Structure "A Bu B, C Bu D" In Modern Chinese

The contrastive structure "A bu B, C bu D" appears in both written language and spoken language frequently. Based on the corpus, the thesis explores the contrastive structure "A bu B, C bu D" of Chinese idioms from multi-angle by applying quantitative statistical analysis method.Firstly, the thesis explores the contrastive structure "A bu B, C bu D" of Chinese idioms from the points of morphological characteristics and classification. Its visible form is the interval usage of negative adverb "bu", which constitute the fixed format with the contrastive structure "A bu B, C bu D" in pairs. The contrastive structure "A bu B, C bu D" of Chinese idioms substantially possess following characteristics:symmetrical structure, contrast and integrality, syncretic semantics; integrated cognition; eccentric syntactics. The number of syllables of "A, C" and "B, D" is often distributed symmetrically. The location order of the contrastive structure "A bu B and C bu D" is fixed. It is restrict by many factors, including the principle of semantics, the principle of former chemotaxis, the principle of rhythm, the principles of customary, etc. According to the meaning relationship of contrastive components, the thesis classifies this kind of contrastive structure into four categories, including synonymic contrast, antonymous contrast, homologous contrast, associational contrast. Based on the semantic relationship, contrastive structure is divided into non-logical formula and logical formula.Secondly, the thesis analysis three aspects of components on the contrastive structure "A bu B, C bu D" of Chinese idioms, including nature, collocation and semantics. The spaces B and D are mainly filled with verb, adjective and verb phrases and numerals with its proportion 34.5%,10.6%,48.7% and 0.2%. The spaces A and C are filled with substances and predicate composition. Substances composition covers nominal composition, pronouns and the number of components on person, things, time, place and position. Predicate composition range from verb composition to adjective component. In terms of the number, if "A and C "belong to the format of substances components, it reaches 234 items, accounting for 60.6% of the total. If "A and C'belong to the format of predicate composition, it accounts for 36.3% of total form. The number of nominal components'format is far more than the predicate components'format. From the point of collocation, grammatical characters on the format with the front and rear of "A, C" and "B, D" are generally the same. There are also individual properties with different collocation phenomena, but in limited quantities. In terms of semantic, to-be-embedded-space has following phenomena, including semantic aggregation, semantic cognitive model diversity, highlighting the semantic function.Thirdly, we study the semantic structures between the two limbs of internal and external and syntactic functions of this contrastive structure. The semantic structures of contrastive items could be summarized as follows:subject-predicate structure(71.8%), endocentric structure(13.7%), predicate-complement structure(11.2%), verb-object structure(1.8%)and other structure(1.5%). According to the "A bu B, C bu D" contrastive structure relationship of components, we concluded two types (joint, partial positive relationship) seven categories (parallel relationship, progressive relationship, the relationship, relationship and assumptions, causal relationship Department of the transition relation. In syntactic function, we found that the scheme can not only act as the main object, predicate six kinds of syntactic components, can also act as clauses, even a single sentence.Finally, it inspects the pragmatic value of modern Chinese "A bu B, C bu D" contrastive structure. The pragmatic value of "A bu B, C bu D" contrastive structure is mainly reflected in style (both written and spoken language color), emotional (include appraise three emotional), expression function (topic focus highlights the function, concise, rhythmic), rhetorical effect (using the dual, hierarchical, loopback, intertextuality, hyperbole and metaphor etc.) in four aspects.