Under The Gambling Task Achievement Motivation Effect On Risk Decision

Risk decision-making refers to the task of decision-maker is hard to control,complete it could be several different results,and need to undertake a certain risk so as to reach the expected goal of decision-making behavior.Risk decision-making occurred everywhere in product and daily life,ranging from personal financial investment to national policy-making.Risk decision is not only an important mechanism to adapt to the complex environment for the individual,and also can be said to be related to survival and development of each individual or group.In addition to external factors,factors that affect the risk decision cannot ignore individual’s internal factors,especially,the achievement motivation as an individual internal factor is also very obvious influence for decision makers’ risk decision-making behavior.Achievement motivation refers to a social motivation,under which people strive to complete the task successfully facing an important,certain difficult and more challenging activity,having an inner desire to beyond others,to a certain extent,promoting individual’s daily behavior.Given both were close to the production and living of people,this study firstly to screen out two groups of participants:strong achievement motivation and weak achievement motivation by the achievement motive scale(AMS),then induce the enthusiasm of the participants involved in the experiment with financial rewards or punishments,next,the Balloon simulation decision Task(Balloon Analogue Risk Task,BART)and Dice gambling Task(Game of Dice Task,GDT)two behavior experiments were conducted randomly,which are more close to the real situation.The two tasks respectively has the risk and uncertain risk.By across-task pattern further investigating the influence of achievement motivation on Risk decision-making.Finally,the results are as follows:(1)In dice gambling task(GDT),on the adventurous option,compared with the participants of weak achievement motivation group,the participants of strong achievement motivation group are more willing to choose for many times;on the conservative options,the subjects of weak achievement motivation group showed more times to choose conservative options;Throughout the total number of selection,the participants of strong achievement motivation group take a more "fairly" strategy,namely don’t blindly choose at highest risk of single point type dice,but more choose two points riskier combination form,however,the participants of weak achievement motivation group has adopted a more "safe" strategy,trying fewer risk slightly higher points combination form,mainly choose the form the minimum risk form of four points combination.(2)In the balloon-simulate decision task(BART),by comparing strong achievement motivation group and weak achievement motivation group,the results showed that whether BART value or the general play numbers,the subjects of strong achievement motivation group showed stronger risk decision-making tendency.(3)Achievement motivation has a vital influence on risk decision-making as a relatively stable influence factor.The participants of different achievement motivation in two kinds of decision situation(certain or uncertain risk),their decision-making level are relatively stable and does not easily change as the change of decision situation,which implied as compared with weak achievement motivation group participants,strong achievement motivation group participants were more likely to choose some adventure decisions.