The Analysis Of Renping(任凭)sentence Pattern In Modern Chinese

Renping(任凭)sentence is a kind of extreme conditions of concessions.According to the small triangle theory initially put forward by Xing Fuyi,it can be analysed from syntax form、the language content and pragmatic value.In language table form,the front conjunction words renping(任凭)usually located in the front of renping(任凭)sentence and can be replaced by“ren”.But influenced by the trend of the double syllable,people are willing to choice renping(任凭).In order to meet the demands of expression,renping(任凭)can also be repeated many times.Besides,in the aspects of special configuration words,the extreme righteousness of the conditional clauses can be expressed through special words or adding modifier to the core components.Additionally,renping(任凭)sentence always pass a strong subjective feelings,it has its own characteristics in the tone.The tone of the costant and variable differ from the directness and indirectness of the ye(也)or dou(都).At last,in the general case,the conditional clause is in front of the consequence clause.But sometimes the speaker takes the result fristly and then add the condition in order to supplement the previous events and maintain the continuity of chapters.In the language content,renping(任凭)sentence can be divided into monomial renping(任凭)sentence and multiterm renping(任凭)sentence on the basis of the number of condition items.And according to the condition items whether show directly,the multiterm renping(任凭)sentence can be divided into explicit multiterm renping(任凭)sentence and implicit multiterm renping(任凭)sentence.In the aspect of semantic relationship,the conditional clause of the monomial renping(任凭)sentence has extreme meaning,which constitute full transition relationship with consequence clause.There are four kinds of relationship between conditions in the explicit multiterm renping(任凭)sentence,namely synonymous relations,progressive relationship,opposite relationship and contradictory relationship;the relationship between the conditional clause and consequence clause has full transition and partial transition.The relationship between condition items in the implicit multiterm renping(任凭)sentence has implicit parallel relationship and recessive progressive relationship;the relationship between the conditional clause and consequence clause is same to the explicit multiterm renping(任凭)sentence.In the field of cognitive,the subjective conjecture aspect of monomial renping(任凭)sentence is 0<P{B/A}<0.5,the objective reflection aspect is P{B/A}=1.The subjective conjecture aspect of explicit multiterm renping(任凭)sentence is 0<P{B/a1?a2}<0.5 or 0<P{B/a1}<0.5,0.5<P{B/a2}<1,the objective reflection aspect is P{B/a1}and P{B/a2}=1.The subjective conjecture aspect of implicit multiterm renping(任凭)sentence is 0<P{B/anmin(B)}<0.5,the objective reflection aspect is P{B/anmin(B)}=1.On the pragmatic value,the presupposition information in the monomial renping(任凭)sentence is opposite to the actual information.The presupposition information of explicit multiterm renping(任凭)sentence is partial similar to the monomial renping(任凭)sentence.The presupposition information of implicit multiterm renping(任凭)sentence deviate infinitely from the actual information,and the effect of anti-expectation deepened gradually.Meanwhile,renping(任凭)sentence has consequent context which have the effect of further supplementary and reverse context which strengthen the conflict.At last,the speaker has strong subjective feelings when they choose renping(任凭)sentnece,in which the the most representative feelings is determination and helplessness.