Mencius “Distinction Between Righteousness And Benefit” Exploration And Modern Dialectical

In the face of unrest social,which was full of warfare supremacy,the etiquette broken,killing and mergers,competition for land,and The thoughts agitate,schools of thought contend,Mencius was facing two major problems: one is the change following the Legalism,and the Confucianism did not reveal;another is going after fame and wealth,and the moral not to save.Based on this,Mencius inheritances Confucianism,advocates righteousness,refused to Yang and Mo,as a starting point,puts forward the far-reaching view,which was called “distinction between righteousness and benefit”.“Distinction between righteousness and benefit”,together with the “distinction between Wang and Ba” and the “distinction between people and animals”,be collectively called “three distinctions” of Mencius.It occupied the important position in Mencius' s philosophy of the whole system and the logical framework.The “distinction between righteousness and benefit” of Mencius based on the theory of human nature.It performance at the “distinction between people and animals”.And it takes the theory of benevolent governance as the foundation aim,presenting as the “distinction between Wang and Ba”.Thus,the “distinction between righteousness and benefit” cut through the study of “three” of Mencius and the whole philosophy system.Mencius “distinction between righteousness and benefit” content has three aspects: “for righteousness”,“making profit” and “unifying them”.First,“for righteousness” is the highest choice.In the value of “lay down one's life for righteousness” choice,“righteousness” and “benefit” is not completely in opposition,but on the basis of “a sense of shame”,through the way of “right”,make an accord with the best choice of the Confucian ethics value orientation.In such a value choice,Mencius did not value the life of contempt and disdain,but by “righteousness” to achieve the highest value of reconstruction for life.Second,the “use the righteous to control profit” is the basic orientation of Mencius “distinction between righteousness and benefit” is based on negating “for profit to leave the righteousness away” to be certificated;Third,“unifying righteousness and benefit” is the practice application of Mencius “distinction between righteousness and benefit”.Mencius realized that “righteousness” and “benefit” are the unity of problem,and,through his “unifying them” to moral education of the people,social moral reconstruction.Theory of Mencius “distinction between righteous and benefit” characteristics and position.In terms of deontology,the characteristic of Mencius “distinction between righteousness and benefit” theory and its position and represented by Kant's theory of moral value choice of consistency.However,this consistency is only selecting the value of an action or outcome of moral judgment.And,in the theory foundation and the path,they are very different,one is of moral emotion;is a kind of moral rationalism.In terms of utilitarianism,the characteristic of Mencius “distinction between righteous and benefit” theory and its position is against utilitarianism.“Distinction between righteous and benefit” of Mencius utilitarianism position,it is because of “the most happiness” or the “public interest” misunderstanding;Second is mistakenly Mencius “righteousness”,“benefit” into “public” and “private”,which equates “righteousness” and “public interest”,“benefit” and “selfish”.In terms of communitarianism,the theory of Mencius “debate between righteous and benefit” characteristics and its position and communitarianism have certain reasonable crating,but there is also a fine point of difference between the two.In addition,in today's rapid economic development,moral principle and material interests conflict,especially in front of the reality of moral serious landslide,Mencius “distinction between righteous and benefit” has the important theory value and practical significance.