A Study Of Tianfu Coal Mine(1938—1945)

The Anti-Japanese war broke out on July 7thin 1937.The eastern coastal areas of industries,schools,institutions and population moved westward to Chongqing,which stimulates the development of coal energy in Chongqing.Coal becomes the main way of energy consume during the Anti-Japanese war.Because Tianfu coal mine area is rich in coal resources with the support of the national government’s policy and the urgent need for the relocation of industry to coal.The general manager of former Tianfu coal mine that Lu Zuofu regards the “strengthening the rear coal industry to facilitate the founding of the war” as the goal.Tianfu coal mine makes it reorganize in the early days of the war with Weng Wenhao’s cooperation with Henan Zhongfu Coal Mine Company on May 1stin 1938.After the reorganization,on the basis of the former Tianfu coal mine,it sets up the produce,transition and sold system of coal mine by improving the produce condition,transition condition and sold condition.First,improving the produce facilities makes it become the best coal mine in Chongqing,which leads to a number of coal production.Besides,it makes various ways of transition exist in Tianfu coal mine with an increase of coal transport gradually.Under the infiltration and control of national capital,Tianfu coal mine monopolizes the coal sale market in Chongqing to achieve a surge in coal sales.Improving coal production conditions,the enriching ways of transport and the monopolizing coal sales,which is naturally to increase the sale of coal mines and improve the operating conditions of coal mine with providing a guaranteeing to improve workers’ reward.Tianfu coal mine makes workers be firmly tied to the coal mine by implementing of a competitive wage system,formulating workers’ pension charter,providing workers with unemployment subsidy,accommodation,health,education and entertainment and other benefits.Tianfu coal mine shows the characters with government-controlled Sino-foreign joint venture enterprise,advanced technology,well-equipped,large scale and so on.Following the policy that“the same time to producing and building”,Tianfu coal mine gradually develops into the largest coal mine in the rear area by improving the production,transportation,marketing system of coal mine.Tianfu coal mine makes a great contribution to Chongqing society,economy and the Anti-Japanese war by providing a large number of coals for industries and shipping military sources to the front.Meantime,it also makes contribution to China’s coal industry by the training of coal mine technical personnel,the coking technology innovation and the improvement of transport;However,Tianfu coal mine itself also reflects a certain degree of limitations.Such as obvious exclusivity and neglecting the safety education of workers.