A Corpus Based Contrastive Analysis Of Semantic Functions Of Chinese Modal Adverbs

On the basis of the existing research,this paper uses the functional grammar theory,and at the same time draws on the theoretical methods such as cognitive grammar theory,system functional grammar and corpus linguistics to give a better explanation on the subjectivity,the truth-value,the semantic background,the choice of the sentence,the choice of the tone,the pragmatic conditions and so on of conjecture modal adverb"也许"and"大概",emphasize modal adverb"的确"and"实在",counterquestion modal adverb"何必"and"何苦","莫非"and"难道".In addition to the introduction and conclusion,the thesis consists of four chapters.The introduction part introduces the significance of this topic,research status,research content,research methods and corpus sources.The first chapter mainly on conjecturing modal adverb"也许""大概"subjective quantity and truth degree are discussed,with a large number of corpus based analysis and compare the two in the subjective quantity and the true value of the difference.Through the analysis of the data we found that in the"about"a word in the sentence,"大概"appear before and after the performance of the objective basis of the sentence,and the sentence"也许","也许"and usually appear psychological verbs;"大概"emptiness"也许"rather than"maybe completely;"with the first person collocation more frequently than"大概",that is more than three"subjective quantity about"less than"也许"."The truth about"the result is more like the real situation,and"perhaps"the results do not have a clear preference;from the formation of the two combinations at the beginning of the term,"大概"in grammaticalization has been pointed out that with the tendency,and perhaps not;perhaps"more can reflect the speaker’s euphemistic tone compared with"probably";from the order of co-occurrence of the two terms,"大概"in the"也许"before can enhance the tone of the sentence and the true value of more than four points"大概"true value is higher than"也许".The second chapter mainly describes the syntactic environment,semantic background and tone of emphasize modal adverb"的确"and"实在",with a large number of corpus based analysis and compare the difference between the two groups in the three aspects of the.Through the analysis of the data we found that in the syntactic environment,实在can be used alone,can be flexible displacement in the sentence,can appear in yes no questions,but实在not;the two can appear in the transitional sentence but in different position in the sentence.The semantic background in semantic background two there are not exactly the same,"的确"type of semantic structure we summarized as five types:A1,B1,A1,B1的确;的确,but C1 A1,B1;的确,的确C2;A2,B2 A1,B3 did的确.There are three types of semantic structures of"reality":A1,B1,A2,C1,but(but the conjunction)is B2;A1,real B1,so(causal conjunction).In tone,"的确"focuses on the[OK],"实在"focuses on the stresses,in addition to the"true"can also denote the tone of euphemism,"实在"conveies the tone of you have no alternative but to give up one’s preference and tried hard to reach the best.The third chapter mainly describes the syntactic,semantic and pragmatic use of the counterquestion modal adverb"何必","何苦",on the basis of analysis and compare the difference between the two groups in the three aspects of the.Through the analysis of the data we found that semantic,semantic features of"何必"to[+persuade][+time condemned],"why is the semantic features of"time is not worth the time to persuade[+sympathy].Syntactically,the difference between the two is mainly manifested in the collocation of the verb and modal words and forms,"何必"with the form of the verb collocation,and"何苦"will not have this usage,the reason,with two at the beginning of the"何必"structure"必"part of speech and coordination principles,"何必"use"必"in after the solidification of the word left in the whole word usage;with"何苦"the use of modal words are collocation,啊,呐,哩,some mood elements can also use collocation with"何苦",such as"来"and its variants,and the highest frequency"it’s collocation.This shows that"何苦"feelings more colorful;and"何必"with"only"explain"何必"collocation use the emotional tone hardens more single.The reason for this is because the two are different.Pragmatically,the two have enhanced sentence mood function,which is mainly reflected in the interrogative and euphemistic tone,and we think the interrogative and euphemistic tone is negatively related to"何苦"euphemism"何必","more than rhetorical degree higher than the"何必"in the two level;there are differences in empathy,"何苦"empathy"何必"subjective value is higher than two,which is mainly from behind often appear to determine the context.The fourth chapter mainly describes the pragmatic conditions of the counterquestion modal adverb"莫非"and"难道",with a large number of corpus based analysis and compare the differences in pragmatic conditions on the two.Through the analysis of the data we found that the rhetorical form,two appear in the sentence before a table of vocabulary,sentence after the emotional content is not reasonable in the sentence,but in a word,sign language,sentence,and"turning into"collocation differences;form of speculation,the two will appear in the the psychological activities of vocabulary,questions and sentences incomplete conditions before sentence,but in the previous sentence table non normal state,based on the previous sentence and other conditions are different.The conclusion part summarizes the full text and points out the inadequacies of the article.