The Research Of Disyllable Verbs In Beijing Dialect

Beijing dialect generally refers to the words of Beijing.The narrow sense of Beijing dialect mainly refers to those spoken words and idioms that don't enter Mandarin,namely,Beijing local language(words),which is also the largest difference in vocabulary between Beijing dialect and Mandarin.We selected 777 disyllabic verbs in Dong Shuren's "New Beijing Dialect Dictionary"(2010)as the research object,and carried out statistical analysis on the four aspects of pronunciation,grammar,semantics and pragmatics respectively.In terms of pronunciation,we mainly analyzed the soft sound and the special phonetic phenomenon of these disyllable verbs.The soft sounds is nearly 70% and they all distribute at the end of the disyllable verbs;As for the special phonetic phenomenon,the sounds that don't exist in Mandarin but exist in the Beijing dialect are far more than the sounds that exist in Mandarin but not commonly used.As for the sounds that don't exist in Mandarin,about 40% don't meet the rules of syllable spelling.In terms of grammar,we mainly analyzed the grammatical structure of these words,the homographs compared with Mandarin and word-forming features.The number of synthesized words far exceeds the number of simple words.Among the homographs,10% of them differ from Mandarin only in phonetic variation.About70% of them have common part of speech with Mandarin,and nearly 20% don't have common part of speech with Mandarin.As for word-forming features,the proportion of overlapping formation is very small but it is more neat.About 30% is affix formation,which is the most prominent type of word formation in the disyllable verbs of Beijing dialect.In terms of semantics,we mainly analyzed single-meaning words,polysemous words and special semantic phenomena.There is 70% of single-meaning words,and nearly 80% of them have a certain degree of transparency;There is 30% of polysemous words,and most of them have two semantic items;And nearly 80% have the relation between each other.As for the special semantic phenomenon,first,thereare plenty of facts that one meaning can match lots of different words.Second,the semantics are more detailed.In terms of pragmatics,we mainly analyzed the pragmatic color,affix and pragmatic color as well as the special pragmatic phenomena about disyllable verbs in Beijing dialect.First,many disyllabic verbs have the pragmatic colors of humor and ridicule,satire and scolding,discouraging and reminders and so on;Second,affixes have a certain relationship with pragmatic color;As for the special pragmatic,in these disyllable verbs,there are euphemisms,taboo words,vulgar words,children words,rogue words,command words,rebuke words and so on.In the end,we can see that the words in Beijing dialect are not equal to those in Mandarin,and there are many differences between them.Beijing dialect has its own characteristics,and these characteristics that are different from Mandarin are worth our attention.