The Comparative Research Of Academic Organization Structure And The Distribution Of Authority And Responsibility

It is worth discussing and deep thoughts for the field of higher education to scientifically adjust academic organization structure and reasonably distribute authority and responsibility. University statues regulate the internal institution structure and distribution relationships of authority and responsibility, it can be the best way to understand the structure of academic organization and university power. Using this as a starting point, existing university statutes of Peking University as the benchmark, through university statutes in diachronic and synchronic dimensions text comparation to describ and discover the variation tendency and features of institution structure and authority disposition of domestic and oversea universities,then try to give the reasons. This may provide reference and inspiration to academic organization management in China.Text analysis and comprehensive comparison methods were used in our study. The features of existing university statutes of Peking University, such as “strong school and weak department” hierarchical structure, administrative-orientation management style and administrative-orientation were found. On the diachronic dimension, university statutes of Peking University before 1949 presents the structure change from “strong school and strong department” to “strong school and weak department” and authority change from “faculty governance, academic dominant” to “president management, administrative and academic power balance”. On the synchronic dimension, generality is that separation and balance of decision-making power, executive power and academic power on college, school and department three levels are presented by university statutes of oversea universities for their various cultural and social background and higher education governance tradition. Further analysis found, academic organization structure and distribution of authority and responsibility has the characteristic of “isomorphism-divergence”, The reform tendency of academic organization of domestic universities mainly obeys the rule of “from top to bottom” and political logic, which is different from oversea universities.Relevant more improved propositions of academic organization management were presented in this dissertation. “narrow top and wide bottom” academic organization structure can be used to keep professional authority and academic interests of the core operator tier. Second, distribute authority and responsibility of each level in the university should use the combination of “power concentration and power separation”, depending on corresponding properties and status of each level. Last, To adjust academic organization management structure, it is required to start from the root of academic organization foundation, obey the rule that from “knowledge differentiation” to “discipline integration”, pay attention to the rationality and whole meaning of the fuzzy organizational boundary, treat administrative tier as subordinative and auxiliary. Flexible and open-minded methods are more conducive for the development of multi-disciplinary and multi-major organization.