Evolution And Phase Characters Of Volleyball Techniques In China

Volleyball techniques,as an important part of volleyball,are also an essential content in volleyball teaching.After over one hundred and twenty years of evolution,volleyball techniques have developed from the simple ball bouncing in front of the net since the birth of volleyball into high degree of tactics.In the development of volleyball technique,with some techniques gradually being abandoned,some new techniques keep emerging.Among those abandoned,some techniques as hook-float service,however,are much practical in teaching.And during the volleyball classroom teaching,students are suggested to be taught in accordance with their aptitudes so as to enable them properly master and use the volleyball techniques.Various research methods such as document-data method and interviewing method are adopted in this research.Through a detailed review and analysis of preparatory positions as well as volleyball techniques of moving,passing,forearming,smashing,serving and blocking of the ball described in over 40 volleyball works written after the Republican period,this research divides the development history of volleyball techniques in China into several phases and then analyzes the characteristics in each phase,shown as follows:1.The history of volleyball techniques can be divided into the following four phases: early development,the completion of technique differentiation,the phase of great development of smashing as well as peak-phase of technique emergence,and cooling-off phase.2.In the early development,with the emergence of powerful serve,serve movement was strengthened,however,since the first passer still used the old passing movement,the first pass,as a result,became relatively weak.At the same time,for blocking remained undeveloped,defending techniques,were innovated and improved.Nevertheless,the technique level at this period was comparatively low.3.In the period of the completion of technique differentiation,ball floating strengthened service action.The extensive application of forearming also strengthened the first pass and defense.Such smashing actions as flat wide set were innovated to improve attack,which,consequently,promoted the revision of blocking rules.The innovation of “Capping” strengthened blocking action while helped relieve defending pressure.To sum up,the volleyball techniques in this period were greatly improved compared with those of the “early development period”.Attacking and defending tended to be balanced.4.In the phase of great development of smashing and peak-phase of technique emergence,smashing techniques were greatly developed,which saw their heyday.And other techniques were also gradually improved.The balance between attach and defense of the last phase was broken,and attack seemed to be stronger than defense.5.Volleyball techniques in the cooling-off phase developed gently and there was no new technique innovated.6.Various causes bring about the evolution of volleyball techniques,including the revision of volleyball rules,innovation of movements,mutual influence among techniques,requirements of tactical development and the changes of athletes' physical quality as well as the changes of courts.