The Characteristics And Sources Of Main Water-soluble Inorganic Ions In PM 2.5 Of Kunming City

Human health problems caused by the city haze problem of PM_2.5 has become the research focus in the atmospheric environment,it can better protect the environment and health for human survival.this paper selects three different functional districts sampling points（industrial area,traffic area,scenic area）in Kunming City,Sample from 2013 April to 2014 January,and measure the nine soluble inorganic pollution factor concentrations K+、Na+、Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺、NH4+、F-、CL-、SO₄^2-、NO₃^-that largely influenced the PH value of PM_2.5 by using the method of ion chromatography,analysis the spatial characteristics of the concentration level and influencing factors affected by weather conditions.It reveals the main inorganic ions,pollution characteristics and genesis of the PM_2.5 in the plateau Kunming city,and analysis the main inorganic ions’ source by correlation coefficient method,the factor analysis and the rate of sulfur oxidation rate and nitrogen oxidation rate particular of PM_2.5,particularly the second inorganic ion production,conclusions are obtained as follows:1.The overall average concentration of PM_2.5 in Kunming urban are more high,which is about 133 μg/m3,exceeded the national standards 58pg/m3,it is 1.8 times of the national standards.2.SO₄^2-and Ca²⁺ are two kinds of water-soluble inorganic ions in the main urban district of Kunming city PM_2.5,accounting for about 6.68%of PM_2.5 mass concentrations.3.In Kunming city,the characteristics of PM_2.5 and its spatial distribution of water soluble inorganic ions is consistent,which is Jinding Mountain>Dongfeng East Road>Xishan Park.4.PM_2.5 showed obvious seasonal variation tendency,which is the highest in winter,higher in spring and autumn,the lowest in summer.and the inorganic ions concentration is high in spring and winter,which is low in summer and autumn,and the action is low in spring and summer,which is high in autumn and winter.5.The correlation of 5 kinds of water-soluble inorganic ions between the wind speed,temperature,humidity and other meteorological factors and conditions are not obviously.and the correlation are not obviously between the SO₄^2-、NO₃^-and it’s gaseous precursors SO₂、NO_x,which indicates that the single factor do not Influence the ion concentration,but is the result that the combination of these factors.6.According to the correlation between the inorganic ion and it’s source,analysis its sources and possible forms in different seasons,the ions which influence on PM_2.5 is different in each different season,the same pollution sources have different influence on the concentration of each ion.7.Analysis the correlation and main factors among the ions in each season,speculated that the main existence form and source of ions,inorganic ions pollution in Kunming urban area is caused by the common compound pollution sources of soil dust,construction dust,dust combustion and industrial production.