Study On Chemical Constituents And Activity Of Water Chestnut Shells

Water caltrop possesses high nutritional and medicinal value,which is viewed as one kind of the best food for keeping healthy.Water caltrop extracts have been proved to be effective in many medical fields,such as anti-tumor,anti-oxidant,anti-infective,anti-radiation,anti-clotting et al,especially anti-cancer which attracts many recent research attention.There is a sufficient resource of abandoned Trapa bicornis Var.bispinosa shell and Trapa natans L.Var.incisa Makino shell.In this paper,with these abandoned shells,we measure the content of polyphenol,gallic acid and methyl gallate esters in the shell,and study the activity of the water caltrop shell extract with respect to anti-oxidant,anti-cancer.We also get 5 kinds of compounds from Trapa natans L.Var.incisa Makino shell by using column chromatography.Experiment results are shown as follows:1.Determination of polyphenol content in the water caltrop shellThe polyphenol content in the extraction of water caltrop shell were analyzed by Folin colorimetry and ferrous tartrate method,with refenrence to gallic acid.The result shows that Trapa bicornis Var.bispinosa shell extract has higher polyphenol content than Trapa natans L.Var.incisa Makino shell extract,and polyphenol substances distilled from water is more than that from ethanol.2.Inhibitory effect of water caltrop shell extract on A549 cell line MTT test was employed to evaluate the effect of water caltrop shell extract on restraining the growth inhibition of A549 cell line.The results showed both Trapa bicornis Var.bispinosa shell extract and Trapa natans L.Var.incisa Makino shell extract have relatively strong growth inhibition of A549 cell line.The effect of Trapa natans L.Var.incisa Makino shell extract on restraining A549 cell line outperform the other one,and the growth inhibition of A549 cell line of the extract distilled from water is higher than which distilled from ethanol.3.Study on the antioxidant activity of water caltrop shellIt has determined the anti-oxidant ability with the DPPH free radical experiment of water caltrop shell,and compared with that of ascorbic acid,quercetin,gallic acid.The test showed that the DPPH free radical scavenging ability of Trapa natans L.Var.incisa Makino shell extract is stronger than Trapa bicornis Var.bispinosa shell extract.The scavenging activity was decreased in the order of water caltrop shell extracts obtained from gallic acid>ethyl acetate extract ≈quercetin>ascorbic acid>ethanol extract>water extract>chloroform extract,and ethyl acetate extract had the most strong scavenging activity to DPPH free radical.4.Studies on chemical constituents:Through the chloroform and ethyl acetate extract of Trapa natans L.Var.incisa Makino shell,n-Triacontanol,methyl gallaten,gallic acid,ursolic acid and trapazine were separated by column chromatography and identified by phusicochemical and spectroscopic analysis.All compounds are obtained from Trapa natans L.Var.incisa Makino shell for the first time is,and trapazine is a new compound.5.Studies on content of main constituentsA method of HPLC was set up to assay the content of gallic acid and methyl gallate in water caltrop shell.Chromatographic conditions were:using Ailent Zorbax SB-C18 column.The column temperature was at 35℃with 1mL·min-1 of flow rate and injection volume was 20μL.And methanol-0.5%glacialacetic acid solution(30:70)as the mobile phase,detecting at 270nm and injection volume was 20μL.Determination results indicates that the gallic acid and methyl gallate contained in Trapa bicornis Var.bispinosa shell and Trapa natans L.Var.incisa Makino shell was 40.57mg/g、4.71mg/g、44.16mg/g、4.07 mg/g.