| Notes from the Underground was published on Time(Russian) in 1864. It’s a very important work written by Dostoevsky in his later period of creation, which is regarded as the guiding principle of some latter works. The production of Notes is a symbol that the writer`s novel creation has entered a new stage. In this work, Dostoevsky makes a figure of “underground man”, which contains profound and abundant philosophical thoughts on the problems about human beings. The study of the thoughts reflected in “underground man” and development and changes of the figure has great realistic significance.The first part of the paper analyzes and compares the figures of “underground man” and that of “Superfluous man” and “nonentities”, explores the continuous relationship between “underground man ” and former literature figures. Russian writers always have a strong interest in expressing their philosophical thoughts in their literary works. And Dostoevsky was the master among these writers. As the guiding principle of latter works, Notes was called philosophical novel. So in the second part we would like to research the thoughts reflected in “underground man”, comparing with writer’s latter works. Here we picked three question: relationship between human beings and freedom, relationship between freedom and evil, and where is the Utopia. The third part, on the basis of comprehending the figure and thoughts of “underground man”, researches the changes of the figure and the relationship with existentialism philosophy.From all study above, we can conclude: although the statement of existentialism philosophy was summed up after the World WarⅠ,the similar question was appeared earlier than that. From the “Superfluous man” and “nonentities” in 1820 s, to "underground man" in 1860 s, then the small animal in Kafka’s Burrow, the outsider and Petrovich, there are many figures and different characters, but there is still one thing in common, separate of human beings and the world. |
PDF Full Text Request