| At the period of the Republic of China, exchange between Han and Tibetan Buddhism rose again, communion between Han and Tibetan has been promoted gradually and continually because of the common Buddhist culture. On the one hand, the Han monks went to Kham region to seek knowledge of Buddhism; on the other hand, the Tibetan Buddhist Lamas have been invited to Han to spread Buddhism. They not only spread ritual and doctrine, history and culture of Tibetan Buddhism to the mainland, which provides a convenient channel for the Han people to understand the culture of Tibet and Buddhism, they also bring psychological comfort for the society in the war through Dharma Assembly for Praying for Peace, and a series of Buddhist activities, which has become an important link of exchange between Han and Tibet. Among them the most famous ones are 9th Panchen Lama, Bai Puren Lama and To-chieh Geshe of Gelugpa, Ken-sang Rinpoche of Sakyapa, Nuona Hutukutu of Nyingma, and Kung-ka Hutukutu of Kargyupa.Kung-ka Hutukutuhas profound Buddhist foundation, who has a very high reputation in Kham region, what’s more, he has mercy and virtue of spreading buddhism, and was invited by Nuona Hutukutu who is a famous monk of Nyingma in 1936 the first time to come to the Han to spread Buddhism. He has come to Han twice, during which he spread the Phyag Rgya Then Po, the Rdzogs Pa Then Po, and Vpho Bain Chengdu, Chongqing, Wuhan, Nanchang, Hangzhou, Nanjing, Wuxi, Kunming and other places, and the mian tantric doctrine of Kargyupa and Nyingma was widely distributed in inland by means of dharma assembly. He gave lectures of the essence about Gradual Path to Enlightment as well.He has pay attention to detail the method of Vajrayana cultivation at the basic on Han and Tibetan Buddhism existing communication. He was the first one who brought the Phyag Rgya Then Po to inland, and spread Kargyupa to there. He completed four Tibetan Buddhism schools spreading persistently in inland. He spreaded and continued the Rdzogs Pa Then Po in inland after Nuona Hutukutu. He teached the Rdzogs Pa Then Po in Miaogao Temple in Kunming, and spreading Tibetan Buddhism in Chinese southwest. In his the Essence about Gradual Path to Enlightenment, he stated the well version and rigorous system in Buddhism. He regarded all schools in Tibetan Buddhism equally, and fought against the notion that someone was pride of themselves but struck other schools. He integrated Han and Tibetan Buddhism, and consider Zen to Great Vajrayana. His main apprentices set up Buddhism group, and have developed his Buddhism theory.Kung-ka Hutukutu played a significant role in Buddhist cultural exchange between Han and Tibetan at the Republic of China. Since his spreading of Buddhism in Han, the scope of the cultural exchange between Han and Tibetan Buddhism has been expanded further, spreading of Tibetan Buddhism has shifted from a single religious sect to multi-religious sects gradually, communication and understanding between Han and Tibetan Buddhist cultural system has been deepened gradually, which was precisely the characteristics of the 1930s of Han and Tibetan Buddhist cultural development. |