A Study Of Synonyms And Substantive Words In Shi Ming

Shi Ming is the first etymology work in the history of Chinese linguistics and offers a significant contribution to the Chinese linguistics history.It adopts the explanation method of acoustic exegesis to explain the connotation of titles and the reasons for the titles.At present,the research of ShiMing is daily deepening in the academic circle and its academic value has got more understanding and mining by the scholars.The phenomenon of “the same thing with different titles” is a prominent linguistic phenomenon among the words collected in Shi Ming.The research on the words with the phenomenon of “the same thing with different titles” by analyzing the presentation forms and characteristics of different categories and exploring the reasons can both reveal the general features of the words with the phenomenon of “the same thing with different titles” in ancient Chinese and can excavate their linguistic and sociology significance in modern Chinese.The words with the phenomenon of “the same thing with different titles” collected in ShiMing are mainly in form of exegesis terms.According to the different exegesis terms,the presentation forms of the words with the phenomenon of “the same thing with different titles”can be divided into three forms.The first form is the presentation form without limitation such as“someone says”(in the form of “Huo Yue”,”You Yue”,”You Wei Zhi”,“Huo Wei Zhi” and “Yi Yue” in Chinese);the second form is the presentation form with limitation such as “someone says in xxx time,place or book”;and the third form refers to the rest forms such as “now called xxx” and “also named as xxx”.According to the different categories,these words can be divided into two categories.The first is based on the numbers of different titles for the same thing,including “the same thing with two titles”,”the same thing with three titles”,“the same thing with four titles”,“the same thing with four titles”,“the same thing with five titles”,“the same thing with six titles”.Among these categories,“the same thing with two titles” is the main type in Shi Ming.The second is based on the syllables of different titles for the same thing,including single syllable words with the phenomenon of “the same thing with different titles”,the double syllable words and the mixture syllables words.The analysis shows that the single syllable words prevailed in late Eastern Han dynasty and the double syllable words have greatly developed in that period.There are six reasons for the phenomenon of “the same thing with different titles”.that is,the difference caused by cognitive perspective,the difference caused by the changes of time,the difference caused by different regions,the difference caused by the divergence on elegance and vulgarity,the difference caused by vocal switch and the difference caused by Double tone.From the research on the words with the phenomenon of “the same thing with different titles” collected in ShiMing,we can find that there are quite a few words with the phenomenon of“the same thing with different titles” in ancient Chinese words,which are of different categories and different reasons.The phenomenon of “the same thing with different titles” breaks the economical principle of language in a sense.However,the words have enriched Chinese vocabulary,enhanced the expression effects of Chinese,met people’s requirements of expression and contained abundant cultural connotations.The research on these words will be conducive to understanding the characteristics of the Chinese words in ancient time and also to exploring the social visage and the mode of thinking for naming at that time.