A Preliminary Study On Si Maqian's "Spring And Autumn" View

Historical Records written by Sima Qian is the beginning of Chinese official history,and it has a great influence on the later ages. We will find that The Spring and Autumn Annals played an important role in its writing background. To know more about the writing process of Historical Records and the historical thought of Sima Qian, it’s necessary to understand Sima Qian’s idea of The Spring and Autumn Annals.In chapter one, through the discussion of the reflection on perdition of the Qin Dynasty and the relationship with Huang-Lao Wuwei(taking no action) in the the early Han Dynasty, we know that this historical reflection was inextricably bound up with the enlightened administration of the Han emperors Wen and Jing. At the same time, Taoists also had a profound affect on Sima Tan.During emperor Jing and Wu, Confucianism was rising and appreciated by the emperor Wu. This influenced Sima Tan and then he accepted Confucianism. He gradually formed the ambition of writing another history book after The Spring and Autumn Annals in the background and passed his wish to Sima Qian.In Chapter Two, collecting the history materials of Sima Qian narrating the history of the Spring and Autumn Period by Collection of Annotations and Textual Research on the Historical Records,we can find when Sima Qian wrote the history of the Spring and Autumn Period, The Spring and Autumn Annals have important historical value. Meanwhile, we can also find Sima Qian’s narration of he history of the Spring and Autumn Period has gone beyond the scope of The Spring and Autumn Annals and have been proved exactly, whether in narrative history using Guoyu, all classes of authors and classics that have miss now, or disassembling, reconstruction and supplement of The Spring and Autumn Annals.In Chapter Three, comparing the similarities and differences between Sima Qian and Dong Zhongshu, excavating Gongyang study in Historical Records, we can find amending the calendar in the reign of Emperor Han Wudi which Sima Qian actively advocate,affected by the "SanTong" Theory of Dong Zhongshu,while the unified ideology is one kind of Gongyang Doctrine which have been carried out thoroughly.But we cannot generalize the Gongyang Doctrine and the effect of Dong Zhongshu,for example, the differences between Sima Qian and Dong Zhongshu on the theories of disasters is quite obvious.When we talk about the influence of Zuozhuan on Historical Records, we will find Zuozhuan was good at narrating history. And this characteristic had great significance on the formation of recording Historical Records. Instead of fabricating by himself, Sima Qian’s idea of explaining The Spring and Autumn Annals with Li actually was affected by Jiayi at the same time. When talking about the Guliang Doctrine in Historica Records, a famous Japanese scholar, Honda Narino, thought that Huangsheng’s and Yuangusheng’s discuss of the "revolution by King Tang and King Wu" in the Emperor Jing was related to Guliang Doctrine. We have identified and corrected that.Through the above analysis, we can come to conclusion that Sima Qian respected the classics rather than just confined to them. It’s the reason that Historical Records became the beginning of Chinese official history of biographical style.Although it was written after The Spring and Autumn Annals, it created a philosophy of one’s own. It was closely connected with the background when Confucian classic was just ringing.