The Study Of Semantic Degeneration In The Structure Of Modern Chinese

The study of language ontology and Natural Language Processing cannot avoid the problem of "lexical—syntactic semantic" connection. Especially the semantic change when the lexical units entered into the syntactic level, which was restricted by the Semantic-Syntax Framework, is becoming the priority in the study. This trend also prompted the syntax-semantics of combination of words has become a hot issue in today’s linguistics. As a combination of words and phrases, composite structure is the key to connect words and sentences. How the composite structure is formed between the words, and how the composite structure in turn restricted the semantic change of the words and sentences, is becoming the core problem in the study of "lexical —syntactic semantic" connection, and is also the difficulty for the study of Chinese ontology and the Natural Language Processing field.Theory of semantics and grammar (Baojia Li 2007) emphasizes that the semantic feature is an essential property of human language. In this thesis, guided by the theory of semantics and grammar, we chose the lexical semantic change of commendatory and derogatory meaning in modern Chinese composite structure,which is less concerned by the current academic circles. We discussed the lexical semantic change of commendatory and derogatory meaning in modern Chinese composite structure from two aspects: the word itself and the composite structure,which enriched the theory of semantics and grammar, and "lexical —syntactic semantic" connection research from the perspective of theory and language facts.Firstly, based on the review of the current research status the research object is determined and the core lemmas table is constructed. According to the Comparative analysis of various semantic composite structure, we redefined the composite structure; through the investigation of commendatory and derogatory meaning,commendatory terms and derogatory terms, melioration and pejoration, we redefined the melioration and pejoration; then we discussed the attribution of the neutral meaning. On the basis of these studies, we determined the research object of this paper is the melioration and pejoration in modern Chinese composite structure. In this paper, 6 categories of 98 composite frames are selected as the research objects, which is primarily based on previous research,"modern Chinese Dictionary" (Sixth Edition)and "modern Chinese verb interpretation of cases" (2011), with supplemented by Peking CCL corpus and real corpus. Then we regard the core lemmas from 98 composite frames as identifiers to select the word which shows co-occurrences of individual core lemma. Finally we selected 370 nouns, 96 verbs, 46 adjectives, and 6 adverbs.Secondly, according to the meaning of presentation in the composite structure,the semantic classification of the combined units of composite structures is carried out.In the specific classification we divided 370 nouns into 41 subgroups, 96 verbs into 20 subgroups, 46 adjectives into 13 subgroups; 6 adverbs into 2 subgroups. Then, the 98 composite frames is divided into melioration and pejoration according to the different tendency, which including 67 melioration frameworks and 34 pejoration frameworks.Finally, this paper also did some researches on the semantic features of the core lemmas and the situation of semantic combination. The lexical semantic features were extracted according to the meaning of presentation in the composite structure and the"lexical semantic feature annotation" (Daogong Sun 2011), which were shown by semantic features representation. Taking universality, validity and typicality into consideration, we selected the structure "V+N" as our research subject to research the different selection of combination units. 17 kinds and 182 subcategories composite pattern of melioration and 11 kinds 72 subcategories composite pattern of pejoration are summarized, on the basis of analysis on semantic categories selection.In general, this paper did some research on the melioration and pejoration in modern Chinese composite structure from internal semantic features and semantic combination, especially the typical structure "V+N". All this constructed the core lemmas table and semantic classification system of the melioration and pejoration in modern Chinese composite structure. Based on the specific analysis and description of the "V + N" framework, the more detailed combination rules between the verb and the noun are excavated, and the semantic composite patterns of the "V + N" framework are summarized. However, due to the limitations of time, ability, etc... There are a lot of contents in this subject; especially the comparative analysis of the similar framework has yet to be deepened.