Research On The Migration Of Refugees In The Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region (1937–1946)

The outbreak of the July 7th Incident in 1937 marked the change of China from the local anti-Japanese war to the comprehensive anti-Japanese war.Under the guidance of the anti-Japanese national united front policy,Chinese soldiers and civilians were resisted.But the national government forces in the positive battlefield operations in retreat,North China,Central China,South China and other large areas have been occupied by the Japanese army,become the enemy-occupied areas.At the same time as the outbreak of the war,floods and droughts are also sweeping the northern part of China,where a large number of people have fled their homes to become refugees.As a result of the dual effects of war and natural disasters,during the war of resistance against Japan,there were migrants from the northwest and southwest of China.Some of them migrated to the sparsely populated areas of Shaanxi,Gansu and Ningxia.In order to further deepen the study of immigrants and refugees in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region,this paper is divided into five chapters.The first chapter mainly elaborates from the perspective of the natural and human environment of the border area,so as to strengthen the overall understanding of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region.This paper focuses on the relationship between the natural geographical environment,population and spatial distribution,regional reorganization,evolution and migration and refugee migration.On the one hand,the border government relies on the local sparseness to carry out the migration of refugees.On the other hand,Environment,the relationship between the Kuomintang and the border,as well as changes in the internal environment of the border area,timely adjustment of the political area,to protect the rights of refugees,to adapt to the needs of the war.The second chapter mainly discusses the number of refugees moving from the border area,and then discusses the number of refugees moving into the border area,The population of the border area,including the border population itself,and the relocation of the refugees after the war,the population of the border area,the population of the border area,the population of the border area,the population of the border area,the population of the border area The relocation mainly focused on the exposition of the Kuomintang conflict in the 1940s,when students,teachers and civil servants moved out of the border,and then discussed the number of returning refugees after the war.Chapter 3 mainly deals with the migration of refugees within the Border Region,which also includes the secondary migration of the refugees who moved into the border area and the displaced persons in the border areas.First of all,the reasons for the migration of internally displaced persons are discussed from the perspectives of internal disparity,the causes of labor shortage,and the family’s blood.Secondly,the target of migrant migration is expanded from poor and middle peasants to rich households.On the one hand,Land reclamation to provide the necessary capital support,on the other hand in the context of the anti-Japanese national united front,the rich households into the border economic mobilization system to protect the political stability;Finally,immigrants,refugees migration season,the government hopes Autumn migration,and moved to the refugees are more concentrated in the winter and spring migration.The fourth chapter mainly starts from the leading role played by the border governments in carrying out the work of transferring refugees.First,the Border Region government gradually changed the awareness of the refugees,one is the border government that there are refugees inside,there is a process from scratch,and second,the positioning of the refugees is also changing,recognizing the transfer of refugees In the agricultural production in the great role;Secondly,the border area government to strengthen the migration before the migration,migration,migration after the entire migration process of dynamic management;and then focus on the development of refugee work to study the problems,with the number of immigrants,The Border Region has adopted measures to selectively restrict the movement of refugees to maintain the stability of the border areas.The fifth chapter mainly studies the identity of the refugees in the border area,which is less concerned with the previous studies.When disasters and wars occur,a large number of poor people who endure hunger will migrate as refugees,and when they enter into the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region,under the combined action of the border governments,local villagers and themselves,The identity of the refugees will change,the identity of the refugees to the border citizenship,the identity of the villagers and class status change,into the border of the political and social environment,to consolidate the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party to support the war.This paper describes the migration process of the refugees in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region as far as possible,and the direction and internal situation of each direction are all related to the special environment of the war and the special environment of the border area,especially in the migration of the refugees.To the leading role for the wartime and post-war border production recovery,development laid the foundation.