The Research On The Development Of Different Types Of Mathematical Reasoning Ability And Its Influencing Factors In The Fourth Grade Primary School Students

Mathematical problem solving requires reasoning ability.Different types of math problems have different difficulty and require different types of mathematical reasoning ability.Reasoning directions and situational topics from two dimensions to mathematical problems can be divided into six types,including three kinds of reasoning problems(points-consequent problems,close-reverse type,change-consequent problems)solution has mastered for fourth graders.This study mainly discusses the development status and its influencing factors of three kinds of reasoning problems(comparison-inverse problem,comparison-forward type problem,change-reverse type problem).Suppression control refers to the control ability of irrelevant information to the task.Working memory refers to the system in which individuals temporarily store and process information in the process of carrying out cognitive tasks.In the process of solving mathematical problems,it is necessary to control the extrance-related advantages.The problem solving process of multi-step reasoning needs corresponding working memory capacity.Suppression control and working memory may be the influence factor of mathematical reasoning.Inhibition of inhibitory control to independent advantage excited,may also save the working memory capacity,that is to say,inhibitory control may work by working memory,in other words,working memory may be inhibitory control affect the intermediary variable mathematical reasoning.This paper includes two empirical studies.A study on the development of different reasoning types of fourth-grade students was conducted,and a self-compiled mathematical reasoning ability test was used to test 76 fourth-grade students.The results showed that:1.There is no difference in the concrete and abstract of reasoning ability in gender and presentation mode;2.Three different type of math problems,and to compare-reverse the difficulty of the mathematics problem is significantly higher than comparison-consequent math problems and change-reverse type mathematical problems,comparing-consequent math problems and change-reverse type,no significant difference between mathematics problems;Study adopts the control test,the working memory span test,the mathematical reasoning ability test to test of 70 fourth grade students,and make the corresponding mediation model test,the results show that:1.Empty words working memory,visual working memory and inhibitory control positively predict comparison-reverse type mathematical reasoning,verbal working memory and visual working memory is empty inhibitory control effect comparison-reverse mathematical reasoning mediation variables;2.Working memory and suppression control positive predictive change-backward mathematical reasoning ability,visual null working memory is a mediating variable that inhibits the control influence of the change-backward mathematical reasoning ability.