Research On The Development Of The Kurdish Issue In Iraq Since The Arab Spring

As one of the four main ethnic groups in the Middle East,the Kurds has been active in the area known as Kurdistan since ancient times.Whether the changes of dynasties in the history of the Middle East or the political changes happened in the sovereign states in modern times,the Kurdish people have been living as an important force that can not be ignored.So the corresponding national problems are also accompanied by the development of the Kurds.However the origin of the modern Kurdish problem began in the late 19 century and early 20 century,what is the new development of the Kurdish national problem under the Ottoman Empire.More intuitively,the modern Middle East Kurdish problem is the direct result of the power politics and the dismemberment of Ottoman empire by the western powers in the process of reorganization of the world order and regional pattern.Because of the geographical distribution of the Kurdish population,ethnic relations and geopolitics in the Middle East and the changes of national policy of the governments,the development of Kurdish problem presents the characteristics of diversification and complexity.The Kurdish problem has been troubled Iraq,Turkey,Iran and Syria for a long period.the Kurd as the largest ethnic minority in Iraq whose population is relatively higher than that in other three countries.The Kurdish movement has made considerable political progress after merely one century's struggle,particularly its active participation in the post-war reconstruction of Iraq.The constitution of Iraq acknowledged the national autonomous of the Kurdish,which is the most impressive achievement among the kurds who spread in the four countries.However,the Kurdish problem has not been completely settled even the establishment of the federal system and the promulgation of the constitution.During the ten years after the Iraq War,the structural contradiction between Iraqi government and Kurdish regional government has not been effectively solved,and as the development of Kurdish power in Iraq,the Kurdish regional government issued a seperated statement from time to time in order to achieve their independence.However,there are various disharmonious factors in the Kurds.The outbreak of the Arab Spring at the end of 2010 aggravated the tension and turmoil of Middle East.The situation has changed a lot in the Kurdish region of Iraq under the influence of the Arab Spring.The Arab Spring also created space for the development of terrorism.In the summer of 2014,the extremist organization which called ISIS arised,and the north region of Iraq and northeast region of Syria became the worse-hit areas.The rise and expansion of the ISIS has a great influence on the regional political landscape and power pattern.In the war against the ISIS,both the Syrian Kurds and Iraqi Kurds became the fighters of counter-terrorism to restrict the expansion of the ISIS,the Iraqi kurds also expanded their own strength in this process by means of expanding lands and developing relations with the United States and Turkey.Although the war of anti-ISIS has changed the power balance between Kurdish regional government and the central government,the United States,Turkey and Iran all against the independence of the Iraqi Kurds in consideration of their own interests.At the same time the power of Syrian Kurds developed a lot during the war of anti-ISIS,they also actively united with other ethnic groups and parties in the practice of Democratic Federalism which proposed by the leader of PKK.Facing the new situation,how should the Iraqi Kurds choose their future?...