The Soccer Goalkeeper Judges The Eye Movement Characteristics Of The Expected Line Of The Penalty

Eyes are the main way that human get external information,which through noting eyes movement to study human's mentality change,have been widely used in psychology.During physical exercise,the conditions change quickly.Athletes are needed to observe and make accurate decision at any moment.Eye tracker can offer athletes' attention track and strategies of visual searching.Analysis of eye movement is considered as one of the most effective methods that study human information extraction.This text takes the expert group soccer goalkeeper and common undergraduates watching a video of soccer player take the tick as researching material,in order to study the characteristics of eye movement during the soccer goalkeeper defending the penalty kick.This experiment has 20 subjects participate in,including 10 expert group soccer goalkeepers(reach National second-level and has participate in competition in the past year),and 10 common undergraduates(never experience official training of soccer goalkeeper but have experience as soccer goalkeeper).Participants' eyesight and corrected eyesight both reach above 5.0,having no color-blind,dyschromatopsia and so on.Both physical and mentality are healthy.Experiment takes the soccer players take the tick video that filmed by themselves as irritant material.Experiment instrument uses ASL-D6 eye movement recording apparatus produced by ASL.Through experiment to analysis reaction time,accuracy and eye movement indicator during athletes made a decision,using SPSS 16.0 statistics welfare and Microsoft Excel worksheet to statistic analysis.Research results:(1)The eye tracking trajectory of the expert soccer goalkeeper in the penalty line is roughly the same.By summing up the track of the expert team,we can see that the line is:head-hip-supporting leg-swing leg-the ball.However,the locus of novice group is scattered and irregular.(2)In the experimental materials with different stimulus types,there was a significant difference in the response time and accuracy between the expert group and novice group,the response time of the expert group was faster than the novice group:expert team goalkeeper to determine the accuracy of the penalty is higher than the novice team goalkeeper.(3)The soccer goalkeeper of the expert group has higher information processing efficiency than the novice goalkeeper.And also the expert soccer goalkeeper watchingthe game situation experimental is more closer to the fact than the novice group.The fixation time of the expert soccer goalkeeper is more longer,the fixation position is less and clear;but the novice group of undergraduates has many fixation position and its dispersion,the fixation time is short.(4)With the increase of the difficulty in experimental materials,the expert and novice group to determine the penalty direction rate is gradually decreased but the reaction time is increased.In the A,B experiment is a critical period for a soccer goalkeeper to judge the penalty.The expert group was asked to look at the penalty shot athlete's hip,supporting leg,swing leg and the ball as the main observation point to determine the direction of shooting.The fixation of novice group were scattered and there was no focus area.In the A,B experiment the reaction time of the expert group was shorter and the accuracy was higher.But the results of the novice group were just the opposite.There was no regularity in the fixation of novice group.But there was no difference between the two groups in the C experiment.(5)Under the experimental conditions,the soccer goalkeeper's experience,training and motor level are the main factors that affect the fixation time and counts,directly impact on the whole process of judging the penalty line.