An Approach On The Representation Of Landmark Symbols In Pedestrian Navigation Map Considering Spatial Familiarity

Landmark symbols are the clue which connects the map space,the real world space and the cognition map space,they play an important role in the information expression and transmission of the map.Accompanied by the spatial familiarity increasing,people have a more comprehensive understanding about landmarks in his surrounding environment,the sensibility of landmark salience also change great.In order to improve the efficiency of the pedestrian navigation map and reduce the cognitive difficulties of user in reading map,landmark symbols design in pedestrian navigation map should follow the rule of user's cognition.It means spatial familiarity has important influence on the sensibility of landmark salience,and further affect the expression of the landmark in the pedestrian navigation map.Visual morphological classification of map symbols conforms to the cognitive habits of people for spatial objects from concrete to abstract,also fit to the three factors of landmarks salience(visual salience,semantic salience,structure salience).Therefore,this paper studied representation methods of landmark symbols in pedestrian navigation map considering spatial familiarity.The influence of spatial familiarity on the landmark salience,and how to further affect the visual representation of landmark symbols in pedestrian navigation map.This study will help to make the visual representation of the landmark in the pedestrian navigation map conform to the cognitive characteristics of users.This paper conducted a more detailed study,the main research contents and innovations are as follows,(1)Study the theory of landmark representation in pedestrian navigation map considering spatial familiarity.The related definitions and measurement or evaluation methods of landmark salience and spatial familiarity were analyzed.Summaried spatial cognitive characteristics of pedestrian navigation map,the function of landmark symbols in cognizing the map space.The design principles of the landmark symbols in pedestrian navigation map considering spatial familiarity are presented.(2)The influence of spatial familiarity on landmark salience.Using the methods of psychology to design cognitive experiment,select appropriate experimental paths,objects and methods.According to the experimental results,conclud rules about the influence of spatial familiarity on landmark salience.(3)Visual representation of landmark symbols considering spatial familiarity.Designed and produced four kinds of symbols(image,pictographic,geometric,text)for landmarks those in the experimental area.And the symbol design,production results were evaluated and optimized.Analysised and concluded the influence of spatial familiarity on the visual representation of landmark symbols,and it is proved that the influence of the spatial familiarity to the landmark salience is the key factor.Mining the association rules between the visual representation of landmark symbols and the landmark salience.The representation methods of landmark symbols considering spatial familiarity is summarized.(4)The scientific verification of the representation methods of landmark symbols considering spatial familiarity.The reprentation methods of landmark symbols in this paper was compared with the reprentation methods of landmark symbols in commercial pedestrian navigation map from two aspects,navigation efficiency and acquired survery knowledge.In order to verify the scientificity of the visual reprentation method of landmark symbols in this paper.