Selection Of Bird Ecological Compensation Area For Xiamen New Airport

There's a new construction plan of building a new airport on DADENG island in Xiamen.The airport will be located on the coast wetland which is an important stop on the migration route for East Asia-Australasia.Thus,the migration will be disturbed severely by the construction.According to the Environment Law of the People's Republic of China,the environment disruption should be restored or improved if one construction project is expected to have such consequences.Specific measures should be brought out.On the other hand,the wetland waterfowl,especially the ones in medium and large sizes,will cause danger to aircrafts by bird strike.Given all that,a proper location to compensate the ecological need for migration should be found and measures to restore the environment should be suggested in order to protect the ecosystem and the diversity of wetland waterfowl and avoid accidents that may jeopardize the security of flights.The author took one year time,from Sep.2016 to Aug.2017,to do research on 10 areas,including JHUXI estuary,OUCUO-AOTOU,DONGKENG bay,XIATANWEI,Crocodile island,ZHONGZHOU island,PANTU wetland ecological restoration area,FENGLIN ecological restoration area,XINGLIN bay and WUYUAN bay.The research in each area included sampling sites like the land along the wetland,the tidal flat and the waters.The sample settings varied according to the situations in each area.A total of 40 sampling sites were set in this research.The author applied the methods of point transects and line transects.The process of the research was carried out at the time period of moderate tide everyday.The research monitored the living of macrobenthos species,the interference by human activities and ecological environment types and plantation types.On each site,the author observed carefully,took notes,collected important data and used digital devices to take photographs and videos.The author also selected some macrobenthos species and took back to the laboratory to apply further research along with the bottom sediment.The situations in the ten areas were obtained after one-year research in terms of the ecological environment types in each season,the macrobenthos species,types of bottom sediment and factors of human interference:1)In terms of ecological environment,DONGKENG bay,XIATANWEI and Crocodile island shares the most qualities with DADENG island.JIUXI estuary,OUCUO-AOTOU and FENGLIN come next.2)There are in total 51 species of macrobenthos detected,affiliated to 7 phylums,9 classes.Most species are under Polychaeta which includes 21 species,Crustacea which includes 12 species,Gastropoda with 7 species and Bivalvia with 7 species.The sum of the species in the 4 classes is 47,covered 90.38%of the total amount.3)The average biomass,the average density,the total number of species,Jaccard Coefficients and Margalef Richness were measured and considered mainly among the data of macrobenthos.The result showed Crocodile island,FENGLIN ecological restoration area,DONGKENG bay,JIUXI estuary and XIATANWEI provides more adaptability.4)After the analysis of quantitative noice levels,factory levels,habitat densities and observable interference of roads and human activities,the area that suffers the least interference is Crocodile island.The second best are XIATANWEI,DONGKENG bay and JIUXI estuary.Based on the research,the author suggested four optimum locations for ecological compensation which are Crocodile island,JIUXI estuary,DONGKENG bay and XIATANWEI,and offered advices for ecological environment restoration.At the same time,the results of bird surveys in the Wetland Center show that Crocodile island,JIUXI estuary,DONGKENG bay and XIATANWEI have high bird diversity.According to the scope of field surveys,Fujian Normal University calculated that the total wetland area of 4 compensation points in Crocodile island,JIUXI estuary,DONGKENG bay and XIATANWEI was 33.4824 km2,which was larger than the occupied area of DADENG island wetland.Conform to ecological compensation "area equivalence" principle.Explain that the final choice of compensation for Crocodile island,JIUXI estuary,DONGKENG bay and XIATANWEI is suitable as a new airport ecological compensation area for birds.