The Investigation Of The Species Diversity Of Zooplanktons And Zoobenthos And The Evaluation Of Water Quality In Three Wetlands Of Harbin City

Wetland,as one of the most important ecosystems on the earth,have become the research object of many experts and scholars.In order to understand the pollution condition of the water environment in Harbin City,the species diversity,biomass and density of zooplanktons and zoobenthos,the physical and chemical factors of water environment and biodiversity indices were analyzed in three wetlands including the Jinhewan Wetland,the Sun Island Wetland and the Binjiang Wetland in Harbin City in May and September 2016.The results of the investigation were as follows.They were found 87 species,38 families,and 3 phylum of zooplankton in the Jin Hewan Wetland.The dominant species in May were Difflugia sp.,Pelomyxa palustris,Polyarthra trigla.The dominant species in September were Keratella cochlearis,Keratella serrulate Polyarthra trigla,Filinia terminalis.They were found 3 species,3 families,and 2 phylum of zoobenthos.The dominant species were Baetis sp.and Viviparus chui.They were found 62 species,28 families,and 3 phylum of zooplankton in the Sun Island Wetland.The dominant species in May were Nassula ornata,Halteria grandinella,Hydracarina.The dominant species in September were Asplachna priodonta,Polyarthra trigla,Ascomopha ovalis.They were found 4 species,3 families,and 2 phylum of zoobenthos.The dominant species were Unio douglasiae and Baetis sp.They were found 58 species,35 families,and 3 phylum of zooplankton in the Binjiang Wetland.The dominant species in May were Difflugia globulosa,D.oblonga,Askenasia volvox.The dominant species in September were Brachionus forficula,Keratella cochlear is,Trichocerca longiseta,Ceriodaphnia quadrangula.They were found 13 species,9 families,and 3 phylum of zoobenthos.The dominant species were Cipangpoaludina and Harnischia sp.Zooplanktons and zoobenthos were abundant in the three wetlands.In May and September,the biomass of zooplankton was 0.26 mg/L and 0.86 mg/L and the density was 520 ind./L and 6110 ind./L respectively in the Jinhewan Wetland.The biomass of zoobenthos was 3.20 g/m~2 and 10.90 g/m~2,the density 8 ind/m~2 and 40 ind/m~2 respectively.In May and September the biomass of zooplankton was 0.25 mg/L and 0.87 mg/L and the density was 340 ind./L and 4200 ind./L respectively in the Sun Island Wetland.The biomass of zoobenthos was 6.90 g/m~2 and 46.0 g/m~2,the density 16 ind/m~2 and 160 ind/m~2 respectively.In May and September the biomass of zooplankton was 0.23 mg/L and 0.90 mg/L and the density was 480 ind./L and 2680 ind./L respectively in the Binjiang Wetland.The biomass of zoobenthos was 36.40 g/m~2 and 146.3 g/m~2,the density 112 ind/m~2 and 480 ind/m~2 respectively.Through the analysis of the physical and chemical factors in three wetland water,the results show that the water environment of the Jin Hewan wetland,the Sun Island wetland and the Binjiang wetland belong to the III class water.The water quality was good.According to the Shannon-Wiener biodiversity information index,the Pielou's evenness index,Margalef's species richness index,Simpson's diversity index and QB/T index,the structure of zooplanktons and zoobenthos in the Jin Hewan wetland was relatively stable and the species was relatively rich,the water quality environment was relatively better and the nutrient type of the wetland was the poor nutrition type.The structure of zooplanktons and zoobenthos in the Sun Island wetland was relatively stable and the species was relatively rich,the water quality environment was light polluted and the nutrient type of the wetland was the medium nutritive type.The structure of zooplanktons and zoobenthos in the Binjiang wetland was relatively stable and the species was relatively rich,the water quality environment was light polluted and the nutrient type of the wetland was the medium nutritive type.The Jinhewan Wetland,the Sun Island Wetland and the Binjiang Wetland in Harbin,the species richness and the dispersal degree of population structure was good.The population structure was more complex.The individual distribution of species was more uniform.The water was slightly polluted.The water quality was better in three wetlands.However,there is still a need to increase the water environment protection of the three wetlands.