Effect Of Heavy Metals On Birds In Yellow River Delta Wetland

Ciconia boyciana and Larus saundersi are the typical wetland birds in the Yellow River Delta wetlands,to explore,the results of studies on the effects of heavy metals on these two kinds of wetland birds can provide scientific datas for the protection of wetland birds and restoration of wetland ecosystems.The content of eight kinds of heavy metals in egg shell of Larus saundersi with hatching success and failure,feathers of C.Boyciana were determined and analyzed by PCA.The correlation and significance of various heavy metals were also analyzed.The main results are as follows.1.There were significant positive correlations between Cr and Cd,Cd and Ni,while extremely significant positive correlations between Cr and Mn,Cr and Ni,Mn and Ni in the feather of C.Boyciana.The contents of heavy metals in the feather of Ciconia Boyciana in the Yellow River Delta wetland showed Cr> Zn> Mn> Cu> Ni> Mn> Pb> Fe> Cd as a whole.The first principal component was closely related to heavy metals Ni and Cr,the second principal component was closely related to Cu,and the third principal component is closely related to Fe,Pb,which indicated that C.Boyciana was probably polluted by heavy metal Ni,Cr mainly and followed by the pollution of heavy metal Cu,Fe,Pb.2.Heavy metal content in the egg shells of the L.saundersi with hatching success showed Cr>Mn>Zn>Ni>Cu>Pb>Fe,in which the content of heavy metal Cr was the highest and obvious higher than the others,the content of heavy metals Mn,Zn,Ni,Cu,Pb and Fe were similar,while heavy metal Cd appeared in the feather of Ciconia Boyciana was not detected.There was significant negative correlation between heavy metals Fe and Mn in the egg shells of Larus saundersi with hatching success,and extremely significant positive correlation between Ni and Pb,while no significant correlation between other heavy metals.The first principal component was closely related to heavy metals Ni and Pb,the second principal component was closely related to Fe,and the third principal component is closely related to Mn,Cr,which indicated thategg shells of Larus saundersi eggshells with hatching success was probably polluted by heavy metal Ni,Pb mainly and followed by the pollution of heavy metal Fe,Mn,Cr.3.No heavy metal Cd was also detected in the egg shell of the Larus saundersi with failed hatcing,the heavy metal Cr content was highest,the overall trend of heavy metal content was Cr> Mn> Zn> Cu> Ni> Pb> Fe,there was no significant correlation between the heavy metals.The first principal component is closely related to heavy metals Mn and Ni,the second principal component was closely related to Pb,and the third principal component was closely related to Cu,which indicated that egg shells of Larus saundersi with failed hatcing was probably polluted by heavy metal Mn,Ni mainly and followed by the pollution of heavy metal Pb,Cu.4.In the overall trend,the contents of Cr,Mn,Pb,and Fe in the egg shell of the Larus saundersi with failed hatcing were significantly higher than those hatching success,the content of Cu in the egg shells of Larus saundersi with failed hatcing was extremely higher than those success significantly,while,the average content of Ni in the egg shells of Larus saundersi with failed hatcing were lower than that hatching success.There was no significant difference between the contents of heavy metal Zn and Ni in egg shells of Larus saundersi with success hatching and failure.Which indicated that the heavy metals Cr,Mn,Cu,Pb and Fe might affect the hatch of the Larus saundersi eggs.