| Dust storms were storms that carried dust.When dust storms occured,they can carried more airborne microorganisms around.The study found that the airborne microorganisms in the middle of a sandstorm were more rich and diverse than those in the early and middle stages.The objective of this study was to collect air samples from early,middle and late stages of sandstorm in Xinjiang sandstorm source area,and to analyze the community structure of airborne microbes in the early,mid-term and later phases of sandstorm in different spots.The dynamic changes of species and community diversity of airborne microbes in sandstorm source areas in Xinjiang were clarified to provide basic data for the later study of airborne microbes in sandstorms.Based on the Biolog-eco microplate technology,the average absorbance values at different culture times were recorded.The high-throughput Illumina Hi Seq sequencing platform combined with bi-directional end sequencing methods.The 16 Sr RNA V4-V5 and ITS sequence high-fidelity regions were constructed for the construction of small fragment libraries and sequencing.The cultivated species can be isolated,purified,colony counted and DNA sequenced for sequence alignment.After the above experimental process and data processing analysis,the main research results are as follows:(1)Diversity of Air Metabolism of 31 Species of Carbon Substrates in the Source Area of Sandstorms in Taklimakan,with the lowest in Tazhong area being 0.93 and the highest in yuli area being 1.28.Univariate analysis of variance showed that there was significant difference between groups.The level of carbon metabolism of airborne microbes in sandstorm was: polymer> carbohydrate> amino acid> carboxylic acid> phenolic acid> amine with significant difference(P = 0.001).The PCA results showed that the six major types of carbon matrix are divided into two main types of substrate PC1 and PC2,the contribution rates were 76.414 % and 19.264 %.(2)Taklamakan sandstorm source area free of air bacteria belonged to 37 genera and affiliated to 4 phyla and fungi belonged to 20 genera,and Proteobacteria accounted for 67.6 %,Bacteroidetes accounted for 17.6 %,Actinobacteria accounted for 11.7 %,Firmicutes accounted for 2.9 %.At genus level,there were 8 different dominant genus of sandstorm source areas in Xinjiang,including Microbacterium,Acinetobacter,Brevundimonas,Caulobacter,Phyllobacterium,Pseudomonas,Pontibacter and Rhizobium.(3)The four fungi dominant genera of The Taklimakan Sandstorm Source were Lactifluus,Issatchenkia,Microidium and Alternaria.Non-metric multidimensional scale analysis(NMDS)showed that the airborne microorganisms community composition of different sampling sites at different periods had significant difference.Canonical correspondence analysis(CCA)showed that the impact of environmental factors on airborne airborne microorganisms diversity in sandstorm source areas was as follows: altitude> latitude> longitude> humidity> air pressure> temperature and the difference were not significant.(4)The Taklamakan dust storm-cultivable bacteria were mainly divided into 4 gates and 18 genera.The fungus was divided into 7 families and 10 genera.The characteristics of carbon metabolism and community activity in the five sandstorm source areas during the early,middle and late stages of sandstorm were different.The diversity and abundance of air microbial community in sandstorm source areas in Xinjiang were high.The differences of air bacterial community composition in the early,middle and later stages of dust storms at different sampling sites were extremely significant.The impact of dust storm on the indigenous air microbial communities in the five provenances was significantly different. |
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