Study On The Spatio-Space Distribution Of Urban Heat Island Effect In Changchun City Based On Remote Sensing Technology

The rapid development of the city not only brings the prosperity of economic society,but also brings many problems to the urban ecological environment.The urban heat island effect is one of the most prominent problems.As an old industrial base of China,Changchun City not only actively responds to the call of the country's strategy of“The Revitalization of the Northeast”,but also strives to create a“National Ecological Garden City”,which makes the contradiction between spatial pattern and ecological environment become more and more prominent,and the urban heat island effect becomes more and more obvious.Therefore,the research of the distribution characteristics and driving factors of the heat island effect has important practical significance for urban planning and industrial development in Changchun.This paper is based on the theory of remote sensing and GIS spatial analysis,using Landsat TM/TIRS remote sensing data,Changchun City as the research area to perform land surface temperature retrieval.Combining meteorological data,this paper uses four algorithms:Radioactive Transfer Equation,Mono-window Algorithm,Single-channel Method and Image-based Method,retrieving the remote sensing data for 2011separately.Comparing the results with the measured data of Changchun Meteorological Bureau,it is conclude that the Single-channel Method has the highest accuracy and is more suitable for this research area.This paper researches the spatial-temporal distribution of heat island effect in Changchun City from 1995 to 2017,which is divide into annual and seasonal changes by time characteristics for analysis:(1)Annual change:The heat island area in the research area is gradually increasing,and the heat island effect is increasing year by year,its proportion increases from15.79%to 26.83%;The green island area in this research area is gradually decreasing,its proportion decreases from 27.25%to 4.19%.(2)Season change:The heat island effect in winter and summer has the most obvious influence on the temperature of this research area.The heat island effect in spring and autumn has the same effect on the temperature of this research area.According to the spatial characteristics,it is divide into administrative boundaries and ring road for analysis:(1)Administrative boundaries as the division unit:There are obvious heat island effects in the Kuancheng Tiebei Industrial Zone,the Lvyuan FAW Industrial Park,and the Erdao North Industrial Zone.The Lvyuan park has the highest temperature,reaching26.15?.In the Chaoyang District and Nanguan District,Nanhu Park and Xinlicheng Reservoir have high vegetation coverage and a wide water area.,so there is no obvious high temperature zone.(2)Ring road as the division unit:From 1995 to 2017,the area of the heat island area from the second to third ring road decreases by 9.47km~2,the area of the heat island area from the third ring to the fourth ring and the fourth ring to the city increases by30.32km~2 and 48.67km~2 respectively.The increase or decrease of the area of the heat island area indicates that the construction land in the downtown area of Changchun has reached saturation.To solve this problem,Changchun City has taken measures to gradually transfer various industries and commerces.In order to research the relationship between land surface temperature and underlying surface.Analyzing the correlation between land surface temperature and various indexes,obtained the land use classification map from 1995 to 2017 by using the Decision Tree Classifier,and then analyzes the law of land change during the 22years by using the Change Detection Statistics.Finally,analyzing the influence of different land cover types to the land surface temperature.The research finds that:MNDWI,NDVI are negatively correlate with land surface temperature,NDISI is positively correlate with land surface temperature,and the correlation is more significant;the increase of construction land is mainly due to the reduction of bare land;from 1995 to 2017,the temperature of each land cover type always shows that:construction land temperature>bare land temperature>woodland temperature>water body temperature.