Research On Monitoring Technology Of Water Surface Oil Spill Based On Fluorescence Mechanism

With the development of modern society,people's demand for oil has been continuously increased,which has led to an increasing scale of oil exploitation on land and under the sea.A series of activities such as transportation and processing have become more frequent,eventually leading to the oil and its refined products being leak and discharge into the ocean cause serious pollution to the water environment.Timely discovery of oil pollution,we can manage it as early as possible and contain its scope of proliferation,which is of great significance for the protection of the marine ecological environment.Therefore,real-time and reliable oil pollution sensors are particularly important.Based on the fluorescence mechanism,a novel type of spectroscopic optical path is designed,and a low-power,low-cost high-power single-wavelength ultraviolet LED is used as the excitation light source.A new type of compact non-contact surface oil pollution detection sensor is designed with various chips.On this basis,the appropriate wavelet basis function is selected for denoising,which improves the detection accuracy of the prototype.In this paper,by comparing the mainstream petroleum detection methods and the scope of application,the fluorescence measurement method is determined as a detection method.Taking the fluorescence generation mechanism as the starting point,the principle of fluorescence detection of petroleum was studied,and the feasibility of the method was analyzed.According to the conditions of fluorescence generation and fluorescence characteristics of petroleum,the excitation light source and filter parameters of mineral oil detection were determined.According to the propagation characteristics of light,this paper designs a spectroscopic system with a reflective blazed grating as a light-splitting element and other optical components to achieve the separation of fluorescence.On this basis,combined with the superiority of the FPGA chip,used the CCD chip as the detection chip,the design of the data acquisition system and the peripheral circuits of each chip and the serial communication module circuit are completed.According to the driver manual of each chip,the configuration and driving of the chip are realized by using the Verilog language based on the Quartus II platform,thereby realizing the work of the data acquisition system.Through this system,the functions of collecting,converting,storing and transmitting fluorescent signals are realized.The corresponding shell is designed to complete the sealing of the system,and the design of the principle prototype is miniaturized,intelligent and integrated.Finally,the data is denoised based on wavelet transform,and the optimal wavelet function of denoising is determined by experimental comparison.The results show that wavelet denoising can better preserve the signal details and improve the detection accuracy of the system.The applicable distance was studied by changing the distance between the prototype and the sample to be tested.The result is proved that the prototype can achieve the detection of oil stains.