Comprehensive Analysis And Application Research Of NOAA Satellite Synchronous Observation Data

The NOAA satellite is a series of polar-orbiting meteorological satellites launched by the United States.At present,there are many satellites operating in orbit at the same time.The high-energy particle loading indicators carried on the star are exactly the same.The height of the satellites differs by less than 50 kilometers.The descending node local time is divided into morning and afternoon periods.The overall indicators and parameters have good continuity.Through the cooperation of Virtual Constellation forms,the shortcomings of single satellite observation in time resolution can be remedied and global observation can be better implemented.In theory,the observation results of a series of satellites at similar altitudes in the same time period should be consistent on the whole,but there are few studies in this field.In this paper,the distribution characteristics of energetic particles of NOAA-15,NOAA16,NOAA17,NOAA18 and NOAA19 satellites in the same time period are comprehensively analyzed by statistical method.The background information of space energetic particles is obtained,and the consistency and difference of observation results of energetic particles between NOAA satellites are compared.It provides a reference basis for analyzing the dynamic characteristics of high-energy particles and studying the physical mechanism of their subsidence during earthquakes,and also provides a reference sample for the observation of high-energy particles by seismo-electromagnetic satellites in China.On this basis,taking the Indonesian M8.6 earthquake as an example,anomaly analysis of time series and space series was carried out using multi-satellite observation data sets,and the response of different satellites to strong magnetic storms was discussed.The main research results are summarized as follows:(1)The global distribution of energetic particles observed by different satellites is obvious and basically consistent.The results show that the high energy particles mainly reflect the anomalous regions of the South Atlantic and the radiation belts of the North and South.In the South Atlantic anomaly area,the observations of different direction detectors on each satellite are basically the same.In the North-South radiation belt,the electron and proton flux distribution observed by the 90-degree directional detector on each satellite is higher than that observed by the 0-degree directional detector,which is usually 2 to 3 orders of magnitude higher than that observed by the 0-degree directional detector.This indicates that the 90-degree directional detector is easier to capture the electron and proton in the radiation belt at high latitudes.(2)The flux of high-energy particles in the same energy band is basically the same for different satellite observations.Global difference analysis shows that the electron flux and proton flux of fixed energy band observed by NOAA series satellites in the same region in the same time period are basically the same,and the magnitude error does not exceed 0.5 magnitude.(90% confidence level).The probability density analysis shows that the flux distribution of electrons and protons in the fixed energy band is approximately normal in the anomalous region of the South Atlantic and the radiation belt of the North and South Atlantic.(3)Multi-satellite joint observation based on virtual constellation is more conducive to identifying typical event change information.The time series analysis of the data before the Sumatra earthquake shows that the electron flux burst over 6 times the background value occurs in the study area 3-4 days before the earthquake;the observation results of five satellites can form relatively dense space observation,and the electron flux burst occurs in the south-east direction of the earthquake is further determined based on the spatial sequence analysis.The analysis of magnetic storm events shows that the response of five satellites to magnetic storm events is consistent,and the geomagnetic index(Dst)observed by stations on the ground and the magnetic storm observed by satellites in space are synchronous in time.