Study On Vulnerability And Matching Relationship Between Water And Land Resources In Qinghai Tibet Plateau

The contradiction between water and land resources in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has become more prominent,especially under an increasingly severe situation of global environmental changes.The problems in association with drought vulnerability and water and land resources matching have gradually become the focus and hot issues for many scholars.Land use can be regarded as a link between anthropogenic activities and natural processes,and is the most direct embodiment of their interactions.Therefore,it is a significance to evaluate the impact of land types on drought vulnerability and to analyze the matching degree between water resources and water demand of land types in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,which can provide scientific support for regional land use planning and sustainable development.Based on the meteorological data from 1980 to 2015 and the data of land use in six time periods during the periods,the spatial distribution patterns of meteorological drought index and drought vulnerability in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were analyzed.The model of impact of land use on drought vulnerability and Gene coefficient model were established by using drought index,net rainfall and land use types.According to these two models,the spatial pattern and trend of land use impact on drought vulnerability and the matching of natural water resources and land type water demand in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were calculated.In addition,the relationship between them were also reflected.The following conclusions could be drawn:(1)generally,the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau became gradually arid,excluding some small areas in the Northwest region;(2)temporally,there was a certain stability of drought vulnerability and water vulnerability in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,while spatially,there is a significant difference of drought vulnerability,with higher levels in the central regions than the eastern and western sides;(3)the overall impact of land type on drought vulnerability is at a relatively high level.Besides,there was an increase in the drought vulnerability under the four scenarios.For the impact of land use on drought vulnerability,cultivated land and woodland have greater changes,while the change regulation of other land types was not significant;(4)the matching degree between net water resource and land type water requirement was slightly lower than that between meteorological drought index and land type water requirement during the periods,but the matching degrees of these two types belong to a medium level with G<0.3;and(5)there was a certain degree of one-to-one correspondence between vulnerability and matching degree.Thus,it is possible to control and analyze another element by adjusting one of them.Summarily,the study of water and soil resources in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau by using vulnerability calculation method and matching degree model can not only provide accurate and reliable suggestions for decision makers,but also provide scientific basis for further utilization of water and soil resources.It is an important way to achieve sustainable development.