Jiangkou Bird Island's Landscape Planning Based On Suitability Assessment Of Bird Habitat

Due to the rapid development of urbanization,the problems of the decline of the quality of the ecological environment have become more and more serious.More and more wetland functions have degraded,which has caused certain adverse effects on the habitat of wetland birds,resulting in the decline of the species and quantity of birds.Jiangkou Bird Island is the only bird-themed wetland protection area in Hunan Province.The total number of birds inhabited and multiplied here is more than 100000 each year.It is a high-concentration area for bird biodiversity in southern Hunan.However,according to the investigation of the Jiangkou Bird Island Nature Reserve Management Institute,the number and species of birds in Jiangkou Bird Island decreased from a decade ago,and the wetland area gradually narrowed.The landscape planning based on wetland suitability evaluation of Jiangkou Bird Island can create a suitable wetland bird habitat environment and play an important role in protecting the wetland ecological environment and bird habitat.This paper takes Jiangkou Bird Island and its surrounding areas as research areas,including Jiangkou Town and Yongji Town.To protect the habitat of wetland birds,the bird resources list of Jiangkou Bird Island is collected to analyze the ecological habits of different birds.Habitat environment.Nine representative wetland bird habitat suitability evaluation factors were selected,and the wetland suitability evaluation of the study area was carried out based on ArcGIS and analytic hierarchy process,and the wetland supplement was carried out by the results of the depression analysis.Reasonably planning the landscape type of the study area,with the theme of creating a variety of wetland bird habitat landscapes,and striving to build a harmonious landscape space for humans and birds on the basis of maintaining the wetland ecological environment.The research results are as follows:(1)A survey was conducted on the bird species in Eguchi,Eguchi,and there were 18 species,33 families and 104 species of birds in the habitat,including 51species of resident birds,39 species of migratory birds,and 14 species of migratory birds.Most are winter migratory birds,and most birds have both animal and plant feeding habits.Birds and land poultry are the most common,followed by songbirds and poultry.(2)The suitability of wetland in the study area decreases with distance from the water source.The most suitable habitat for wetland birds is 29.827km~2,accounting for 19.95%of the total area of the study area.The suitable habitat for wetland birds is 37.93km~2,accounting for the study area.The total area is 25.37%,which is generally suitable for wetland bird habitats of 36.984km~2,accounting for24.75%of the total area of the study area.The main types of landscape are paddy fields and woodlands,which provide habitat and foraging for wetland birds.(3)The areas of the depression that are most suitable for wetland supplementation in the study area and the current landscape types of these depressions are identified.The most suitable area for the depression is 3.688km~2.The most suitable area for the reclaimed wetland is 24.413%of the total area of the depression.The main types of landscape are paddy fields,woodlands and waters.(4)Based on the suitability of wetland bird habitats,combined with the actual situation of Jiangkou Bird Island,the principles of landscape planning were proposed to construct different wetland landscape spatial types to meet the habitat needs of different birds in Jiangkou Bird Island.Bird Island has carried out landscape planning,including functional area division,landscape master planning,transportation system planning,plant configuration design,and wetland ecological revetment design.