Precision Spectroscopy And Frequency Measurement Of ¹S_o-¹P₁ Transition Of Laser Cooled Yb Atoms

Laser cooled atoms have low velocities and narrow velocity distribution.For these reasons,they are ideal tool for precision spectroscopy in order to study the structure of atoms.As well,cold atoms have important applications in atomic frequency standards and quantum computation.In order to obtain ¹S₀???¹P₁ high resolution precision spectrum of yetterbium,in this thesis we slow ytterbium atoms by laser cooling and trapping.In the Zeeman slower,the magnetic field is produced by anti-helmholtz coils of magnetic-optical trapping instead of a standard Zeeman slower coil in order to make the whole system compact and simple.We slowed the ytterbium atoms from oven and trapped 8×10⁶ atoms in a magneto optical trap.With the time of flight,we measured the temperature of the trapped ytterbium atoms to be 1.6 mK.With a femtosecond optical frequency comb which is referenced to a Rb frequency standard,we measured the absolute frequency of ¹⁷¹Yb atom hyperfine structure ¹S₀?F=1/2????¹P₁?F=3/2?transition to be 751 527 375.4±3.2 MHz,as well as the relative frequency shift between various isotopes.This experiment provides precision frequency measurements for the transitions of ytterbium atoms and lays a solid foundation for further realization of even colder atoms.