Research On Balanced Development And Layout Optimization Of Educational Facilities Based On GIS

Education balanced development is one of the important goals in Chinese development of science and education.It has been included in the Outline of the National Medium-and Longterm Plan for Education Reform and Development(2010-2020),which has great realistic and far-reaching historical significance for solving the deep-seated problems faced by education in China,promoting educational equity and building a harmonious socialist society.Education equilibrium,however,involves various degree of complexity on time,space,and characteristics between the education resource of supplier and the school-age education receiver,resulting in a range of issues,including how to measure a region of the equilibrium development of education,and how to dynamically monitor whether the development of education is balanced or not.As an important tool for spatiotemporal analysis,Geographic Information System(GIS)has great potential in solving the abovementioned problems.In this study,we selected Shanghai Pudong new area as the research target,focusing on the two main objects of basic education equalization there--educational resources and school-age population,to explore the method for spatialization and dynamically updating basic education by GIS.Besides,a balanced evaluation index system,which covers the evaluation index of educational opportunity,resource allocation,educational quality and other dimensions,was established.The educational balance in the research area through multiple spatial analysis methods such as overlay analysis,buffer analysis and network analysis was also estimated comprehensively and quantitatively.Based on this,combining with the development of education in the research area recently,this paper analyzed the adjustment and optimization of the spatial distribution of education resources from the perspective of education balance.The main work of this thesis includes the following aspects:1.The statistical yearbook and the Internet were used to obtain the multi-source data of residential areas,roads,traffic and other data related to education equalization in the research area.And the relevant data were processed using various methods,including the collection of Gaode POI(point of interest)data,the spatial distribution of educational resources,and the spatial processing of demographic data.2.A set of education balance evaluation index system which can evaluate education balance spatially was designed.It mainly contains opportunities for education,education resource allocation and education quality.It also involves some spatial elements such as distance,traffic accessibility,and other non-spatial factors like student-teacher ratio and average area per student.Combining these two then we can evaluate the education balance situation in Pudong new area at the level of towns.3.From the perspective of educational balance,this paper analyzed the development status of education in Pudong new area from 2015 to 2017,applied the Location Allocation Model(LA)to run the simulation of educational development policy,and finally made some layout suggestions.In summary,the level of balanced education development in Pudong new area is relatively high in the central urban area as a whole,and there are still great differences between urban areas and suburbs.Nevertheless,the implementation and promotion of government policies,such as the construction of East Shanghai Middle School,have brought high-quality educational resources to Nanhui new city and its surroundings in the southeast,effectively reducing the resource allocation gap between the north and the south of Pudong new area.The educational balance in Pudong new area fluctuated little during the period of 2015 to 2017.Overall,the educational balance increased in kindergartens,and decreased slightly in primary schools and junior high schools,but they were all within a reasonable range.Based on the results of the LA model,there are 10 new kindergartens,2 new primary schools,and 4 new junior high schools required in Pudong New Area.It can be seen that when 30 kindergartens,25 primary schools and 27 junior middle schools are added to the Pudong new area,the number of basic education facilities will have a weak effect on the increase of the coverage area and the number of residents.