Study On The Change Of Arctic Summer Sea Ice Morphology Based On High-Resolution Satellite Images

The decline of arctic sea ice extent causes arctic amplification mechanism and global climate problems.On the one hand,owing to the rapid variation of arctic sea ice,a large number of global catastrophic events happened frequently.But on the other,it enables the exploitation of arctic resources and the opening of arctic shipping routes,which has made a great contribution to the transformation of international economic development strategy.Thus the parameterization and model prediction of the rapid change of arctic sea ice has become a key research field at home and abroad.In this paper,in order to analyze the evolution rule of the sea ice,single sea ice and regional sea ice in the process of lateral melting are taken as the research objects,and the geometric parameters of these sea ice are extracted by image processing technology from high-resolution sea ice satellite remote sensing images.The arctic sea ice changes significantly during the process of its annual cycle.During the formation process of the sea ice,giant ice sheet covered with snow occurs and proportion of open water area will be reduced;In the process of melting,sea ice breaking happens and smaller floating ice is formed,increasing the area of open water and accelerating the melting process of floating ice.This evolution affects the absorption of solar radiation by sea ice.Changes in the concentration of broken sea ice affect behavioral characteristics.As the density decreases,the effect of the force between broken sea ice decreases;As the intensity increases,their effect increases.The size and shape of sea ice are important for establishing sea ice patterns.In this paper,remote sensing image processing is carried out first.Remote sensing images are processed successively by nonlinear spatial filtering,spatial image enhancement,image binarization and morphological processing.In the first three steps,each image with different noise is processed by different methods.After the comparison and preferential selection of the results,the accuracy of the image is guaranteed.Secondly,geometric parameters of the processed image are extracted,considering:?1?The area,circumference,length axis,average pincer diameter,shape factor,elongation and roundness in the lateral melting process of monomer sea ice;?2?Area concentration,perimeter concentration,maximum value of long axis and short axis,mean elongation,mean shape factor and mean roundness of regional sea ice under different actions.The evolution rules of geometric parameters of sea ice during drift are obtained.A functional model is established for the evolution of geometric parameters and the normal accumulated temperature of sea ice surface.Finally,the size distribution characteristics of regional sea ice are analyzed as follows:?1?The power exponent?fractal dimension?is calculated by the improved power function.And the fractal dimension values under different mechanical dominance are basically constant,arranging from 2.02 to 2.09.This indicates that the fractal similarity of sea ice fragmentation is good;?2?the value range of parameter and the value of parameter were obtained as the regional sea ice is fitted by Weibull distribution function.The results demonstrate that the mean diameter of L₀ changes slight comparing to the mean clamp diameter during the evolution of regional sea ice.The content of the above two aspects and relevant research conclusions at home and abroad are compared and demonstrated.