Effects Of Different Soil Conditioners On Physical And Chemical Properties Of Soil And Grape Growth

Under the background of soil degradation,soil structure deterioration and mechanization application.The effects of several soil conditioner were studied,and the better conditioner was selected for combination application in vineyard?A,B,C area?.The results were as follows:1.Soil conditioner make a difference affect in different types of soil.The bacillus subtilis microbial agent and the loosening soil essence promote more growth and development of grapes on loam soil,while the bacillus subtilis microbial agent and the single silicate agent promote more growth and development on sand soil.The bacillus subtilis microbial agent and the loosening soil essence increased the new shoot growth,leaf size and branch soluble sugar and starch.The new shoot growth rate were 59.47%,51.50%more than control,the leaf diameter were 33.66%,29.61%more than control in July,the stem diameter were 26.54%,28.43%more than control,the soluble sugar were 37.12%,30.36%more than control,the starch contents were 50.05%,34.45%than control.Bacillus subtilis and single silicate agent significantly promoted the growth of grapes on sand soil.The average growth rate of new shoots was 18.66%and 9.35%higher;the leaf diameter was 33.66%,21.51%higher;chlorophyll content was 44.59%and 33.59%higher in July;the stem diameter was 18.15%and 19.86%higher and the starch contents were 105.90%and 75.67%higher.Loose agent and loose essence have significant impact on soil,which can reduce soil bulk density and improve soil water content.In November,soil bulk density of 20-30 cm decreased by 6.43%and 5.00%,soil water content increased by15.47%,11.63%.It also significantly increased soil bulk density and soil water content on sand land.In November,soil bulk density of 20-30 cm decreased by 10.71%,9.25%,soil water content increased by 44.80%,24.10%.2.Soil conditioner significant improved physical and chemical properties of soil in newly built vineyard.The Scarification agent and loosening soil essence used in newly built vineyard B both significantly decreased soil bulk density and soil compactness on loam soil.The soil bulk densities in October with the Scarification agent at depth of 20-40 cm?40-60 cm decreased by 5.31%and 11.99%and the soil compactness at the depth of 20 cm?40 cm?60cm?80 cm decreased by 30.54%,50.31%,36.81%,32.43%in October.The soil bulk density at depth of 20-30 cm?30-40 cm soil layer with the loosening soil essence decreased by 3.61%,2.63%and the soil compactness at depth of 20 cm,30 cm decreased by 14.42%,17.19%in October.The loosening soil essence significantly improved the stability of soil aggregates,the organic carbon mineralization,the soil respiration and decreased the amount of sieve<0.25mm,the NO₃-N leaching.The mechanical stability of soil aggregates?<0.25 mm?of 10-20cm?20-30 cm soil layer decreased by 31.05%,22.53%in November,the water-stable aggregates?<0.25 mm?of 0-20 cm?10-20 cm soil layer decreased by 5.81%,11.23%in November,the aggregate unstable failure rate?PAD?decreased by 10.90%,the Water-stable aggregate rate?WSAR?increased by 19.19%in November.The organic carbon mineralization of undisturbed soil of 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm increased by 13.50%and 31.55%.In July,the soil respiration increased by 41.04%.The NO₃-N leaching decreased by 16.29%.3.The combinations of soil conditioner all promoted grape growth.The best combination was the Genkang,the bacillus subtilis microbial agent?half the amount?,the single silicate agent and the scarification agent?half the amount?.It significantly improved the new shoot growth,the leaf quality,the internode and the stem diameter than the other combinations.Compared with the Genkang,the bacillus subtilis microbial agent and the scarification agent,the axillary shoot growth rate increased by 31.61%.In July,the leaf area increased by18.52%,the simple leaf quantity increased by 29.55%,the leaf SPAD value increased by65.97%,the main vine internode increased by 6.37%,the fruit branch internode increased by10.37%and the fruit branch stem diameter increased by 10.61%.