Research On Full-Stokes Single Photon Compressive Polarization Imaging Technology

Compared with the traditional intensity imaging technology,polarization imaging technology can obtain the intensity information of the target and polarization information of the target at the same time,which is of great significance for detecting and distinguishing target objects in complex scenes.However,the progress of polarization imaging in the field of long-distance imaging and extremely low-light imaging is still unsatisfactory.How to improve the detection sensitivity of polarization imaging has become an urgent problem to be solved.The emergence of single pixel imaging technology provides ideas for the solution of the problem.Single pixel imaging technology has the advantages of ultra-high sensitivity and low dimension,which provides an important theoretical basis for realizing polarization imaging with high sensitivity.Based on this background,we combine polarization imaging technology with single pixel imaging technology in this paper,and uses photon counting technology to detect the light intensity.This paper will focus on the Full-Stokes single photon compressive polarization imaging technology.The main research contents and results are as follows:(1)In this paper,a Full-Stokes single photon compression polarization imaging system is built by combining division of time polarimeter with single pixel imaging system,and using Photomultiplier Tube(PMT)detector in photon counting mode.The control and synchronization counting circuit based on Field-Programmable Gate Array(FPGA)is designed independently,which overcomes the problem that it is difficult to realize signal synchronization in the signal detection process in traditional photon counting imaging.Finally,the system is verified by experiments.The experimental results show that the system can realize compressive imaging in different polarization directions and can obtain high-quality Stokes parameter images of targets at low sampling rate,which verifies the feasibility of the system.(2)On the basis of the Full-Stokes single photon compressive polarization imaging system,in order to expand the application scene of the system and improve the imaging quality of the system,this paper applies the complete micro-scanning method and Hadamard matrix to the system,proposes a super-resolution compressive polarization imaging scheme,and verifies the scheme through experiments.The experimental results show that the super-resolution polarization images under different sampling rates obtained by the scheme can fully retain the polarization information of the target,and effectively improve the imaging quality and imaging efficiency,thus verifying the feasibility of the scheme.(3)We proposed a polarization image fusion method based on dictionary learning.Firstly,image block samples are obtained from images to be fused,then the dictionary is trained by K_SVD algorithm,and the sparse coefficients of the images are obtained by the trained dictionary.Finally,the sparse coefficients are fused and the images are reconstructed.The fusion results show that the method can effectively improve the information richness and clarity of polarization images.