| In this study,benthic macroinvertebrate samples were collected in summer 2018(June)and autumn(September),8 sampling sites were set up in the streams of the Gulihe National Wetland Park of Greater Khingan Mountains in Heilongjiang pronvince,and the physical and chemical parameters of water were taken in each sampling site.Benthic macroinvertebrate community construction and biodiversity were analysised.Pearson correlation analysis and Redundancy analysis(RDA)were mainly used to study the relationship between feeding functiongal groups(FFGs)of benthic macroinvertebrates and aquatic environmental factors.A total of 999 individuals were collected from benthic macroinvertebrates,belonging to 3 groups:Arthropoda,Annelida and Mollusca.A total of 65 species of 14 orders,34 families were identified.Among them,there were 51 species of aquatic insects,accounting for 78.46%of the total species.In addition,8 molluscs and 6 annelids were found,accounting for 12.30%and 9.24%of the total species,respectively.In summer,the dominant species were Siphlorurus sp.,Baetis sp.,and in autumn,the dominant species were Ephemera sp..Among them,EPT(E:Ephemeroptera;P:Plecoptera;T:Trichoptera)was a representative species of streams in this wetland park,accounting for 75.96%of the total individuals,and three of them accounted for the total species.The percentages were 69.83%,4.22%and 25.95%,respectively.In terms of horizontal distribution,the species richness of EPT aquatic insects in Wetland Park sampling sites 2#(middle reaches of Guli River),3#(under Guli River tributary bridge),4#(Xiaoguli river quality monitoring site 5)was the highest,which was the concentrated distribution area of EPT.The species of benthic macroinvertebrate in the wetland park were abundant.The results showed that the species number of benthic macroinvertebrates in autumn were 46 and 40,respectively,higher than that in summer.Shannon Wiener diversity index(H')was 2.35 ± 0.64,between 3.58-1.18;Pielou evenness index(J)was 0.75± 0.19,between 0.94-0.42,Simpson diversity index(D)was 0.70 ± 0.16,between 0.90-0.40.There was no significant difference between the three biological indexes in summer and autumn,P values were 0.410,0.580 and 0.531,respectively,and autumn was the largest,followed by summer,which was related to the emergence of insects and the impact of water environment changes.Based on the analysis of FFGs for benthic macroinvertebrates,there were five kinds of FFGs,namely,gatherer-collectors(GC),predators(PR),shredders(SH),scrapers(SC),filter-collectors(FC),predators(PR)and gatherers-collectors(GC)were the dominant FFGs of benthic macroinvertebrate in the Wetland Park,with 21 predators(PR),20 gatherers-collectors(GC),13 shredders(SH),8 scrapers(SC),and 3 filter-collectors(FC)as the least.In the whole year,the highest relative density was 54.75%,followed by 19.12%,11.61%,11.21%and 3.30%respectively.Through Pearson correlation analysis of 10 kinds of aquatic physic-chemical factors in Guli River National Wetland Park,the results showed that Chla,NTU and EC had significant negative correlation(P<0.05);RDA analysis results showed that all the physic-chemical factors played a common role in the distribution of benthic macroinvertebrates,among which total phosphorus(TP),conductivity,turbidity and pH were the main environmental factors affecting the FFGs of benthic macroinvertebrates.EPT aquatic insects were a kind of species sensitive to water environment,with high requirements for water quality,and high species richness of benthic macroinvertebrates in gulihe National Wetland Park,most of them were EPT aquatic insects,which indicated clean water environment.Predators and collectors were the main dominant functional groups,which played a key role in the material cycle and energy flow of stream ecosystem.Therefore,it was particularly important to strengthen the protection of the aquatic biodiversity of the park mainly based on EPT. |
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