Research On Sea Surface Temperature Remote Sensing Technology By One-dimensional Synthetic Aperture Microwave Radiometer

Sea surface temperature plays an important role in the global climate change and long-term weather process research,and it is also an important parameter that determines the hydrological cycle and the energy cycle at the sea-air interface,affects the global surface energy balance.In view of the low spatial resolution of retrieved sea surface temperature by real aperture microwave radiometers,in this study,we use the one-dimensional synthetic aperture microwave radiometer to carry out related research on sea surface temperature remote sensing to retrieve sea surface temperature with high spatial resolution.The main contents of this paper are as follows:(1)A complete radiative transfer forward model for the C-band one-dimensional synthetic aperture microwave radiometer was constructed.In view of the multi-incident angle observation characteristics of the one-dimensional synthetic aperture microwave radiometer,the sensitivity of vertical polarization and horizontal polarization brightness temperature to salinity,sea surface temperature,sea surface wind speed,relative wind direction,atmospheric water vapor content and cloud liquid water content was analyzed under different incidence angles,and the corresponding sensitivity coefficients were calculated.Finally,the proposals of the design of one-dimensional synthetic aperture microwave radiometers were proposed.(2)Combined with the parameters of the one-dimensional synthetic aperture microwave radiometer,a complete radiative transfer forward model and a synthetic aperture microwave radiometer brightness temperature imaging algorithm were used to study the process of transforming the brightness temperature of the target scene to the visibility function,and reconstructing the visibility function to obtain the brightness temperature image of the target scene.Finally,a scene brightness temperature image of the one-dimensional synthetic aperture microwave radiometer was simulated,and the spatial angle resolution can reach 0.43° based on the theory,the spatial resolution in which is about 7.8km for satellite orbital height of 900 km.(3)The physical retrieval algorithm and the empirical retrieval algorithm were carried out on sea surface temperature retrieval experiments for the one-dimensional synthetic aperture microwave radiometer brightness temperature simulation data.For the physical retrieval algorithm,the influence of radiometer calibration accuracy and auxiliary data errors on the retrieval accuracy of sea surface temperature was analyzed,and the corresponding error of sea surface temperature retrieval was calculated.For the empirical retrieval algorithm,the sea surface temperature retrieval algorithm for multi-incident angle was designed based on BP Neural network,and the accuracy of the neural network method is verified.The effects of observed brightness temperature error and auxiliary data error on the retrieved results of sea surface temperature were analyzed.(4)A visualization software for the brightness temperature simulation and sea surface temperature retrieval by the one-dimensional synthetic aperture microwave radiometer was designed,which can simulate the brightness temperature of the one-dimensional synthetic aperture microwave radiometer quickly and intuitively,and analyze the retrieval error of sea surface temperature.