| Implementing ergonomic evaluation can effectively avoid human factors risks in complex human-machine systems.At the same time,in order to reduce costs,ergonomic evaluation activities should be implemented in the early stages of system development.With the idea of a human-system integration process,the evaluation also needs to be carried out during the manufacturing,use,and disposal phases of the system.To guide the implementation of an ergonomic evaluation in the life cycle of complex humanmachine systems,it is necessary to choose suitable indicators for the evaluation.This paper proposes a three-dimensional of stage,person,and subsystem analysis model based on the human-system integration process design.The complex humanmachine system is divided into several evaluation subunits.Based on this,the dynamic construction technology of indicators of ergonomic evaluation system is proposed.The main work completed in this article is as follows:(1)Based on the ergonomic evaluation of the whole life cycle of complex humanmachine systems,a three-dimensional analysis model of stage,person and subsystem is proposed.The three-dimensional analysis model makes the content of ergonomic assessment focus on a single assessment subunit.The system of ergonomic evaluation indicators in this unit is relatively stable,which lays the foundation for subsequent indicators selection.(2)This paper completes the construction of the ergonomic evaluation indicators system for complex human-machine systems.Based on the evaluation principle in the human factors standard,the evaluation system proposes the ergonomic evaluation goals of the complex human-machine system throughout the life cycle,and and the indicators set and specific indicators corresponding to the ergonomic evaluation goals are extracted accordingly.Taking the rail transit dispatching command system as an example,the indicators set and specific indicators extraction of the complex human-machine system are completed.(3)The ergonomic evaluation method based on life cycle assessment is proposed,and the dynamic relationships between the ergonomic indicators set of each evaluation subunit and the ergonomic evaluation goals are analyzed.Introduce the evaluation subgoal as the midpoint category between the indicators set and the evaluation goals.This midpoint category can summarize the different indicator sets as a direct impact on the evaluation goals.Experts score the indicators by measuring the relationships between the indicators and the impact categories.Based on the scores of the indicators,the representative ergonomic indicators set can be selected.(4)The selection method of ergonomic evaluation indicators based on factors analysis is studied.On the basis of the representative indicators set of each evaluation subunit,through the expert score and calculation of the communalities of the indicators in the indicators set,this method can obtain specific key ergonomic evaluation indicators.(5)This paper develops the ergonomic indicators selection software of the dispatch command system,which implemented the above analysis process and related algorithms;Only need to input the ergonomic evaluation indicators set of different complex humanmachine systems,the software system can be used as an auxiliary tool for the selection of ergonomic evaluation indicators of any complex human-machine systems.Based on three-dimensional analysis model,the dynamic construction technology of ergonomic indicators system in this paper can effectively analyze the ergonomic evaluation goals of complex human-machine systems throughout the life cycle.The dynamic selection of ergonomic evaluation indicators in this paper has become more transparent and objective than the previous process of selecting indicators based on expert experience,and can ensure the effectiveness of selected indicators.Finally,the efficiency of human factor design of complex human-machine systems is improved,and the human factor evaluation cost of the system in the whole life cycle is reduced. |
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