The Components And Identification Significance Of Baltic Amber

Amber is a natural petrochemical organism formed by various geologic processes of liquid resin produced by the pine plant.The diterpene compounds,which are secreted by the ancient plants,are mainly exposed to air and light,and are polymerized into Copal resin.The terpene volatile oil in the Copal resin evaporates under the action of light and heat,Gradually transformed into amber.In recent years,amber and Copal resin identification and identification of origin of amber is a hot topic in academic research.Due to the different types of natural resin provided by different species,combined with geological factors such as depositional environment,sediment type and the degree of petrochemical,there are obvious differences in amber gemological characteristics in different areas.And the origin of amber,the market value of a greater difference,so the distinction between the origins of the market value will also have some guiding significance.Baltic coast of Russia,Ukraine and other countries is the famous amber origin,followed by Myanmar,Dominica and Mexico,China and other places also produce a small amount of amber.At present the market 80%of the amber are produced from the Baltic coast,it is necessary to study the Baltic Amber compared to the analysis of copal resin and other origin amber.However,there are some differences in the infrared spectra and Raman spectra of amber and copal,but the results are not completely accurate.And there are some similarities in the result of infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy.Based on the literatures of domestic and foreign research,the organic components of amber and copal resin were tested by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer.The differences in the structure and composition between amber and copal resin were analyzed and analyzed by infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy The absorption spectra of amber and copal resin were compared and analyzed,which indicated that the diterpenoid structure of amber and copal resin was similar,and the value of Raman spectroscopy was helpful to determine the amber maturity.In this paper,depth of field microscopy,Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer,infrared spectroscopy,Raman spectrometer to collect more than 500pieces of the world's major producing areas of amber,natural resin The appearance and epidermis of the amber original stone in the main producing areas of the Baltic Sea were studied by means of a gem microscope and a super-depth microscope.The morphological and color characteristics were summarized and summarized.GC-MS analysis showed that succinic acid was present in the Baltic region,and succinic acid was present.Among them,the non-polar substances were all of succinic acid,isopimaric acid and abietic acid and its derivatives and esterified products.Dominican amber and Colombian Copal resin are not fully polymerized,the carboxylic acid is hydrolyzed,nor does the diterpenoid compound skeleton exist,but shows that the presence of 2-methyloct-5-yn-4-yl ester and methanol should belong to the same species The Mexican amber present characteristic sesquiterpene iso-longene,should be derived from pine plants.In the infrared spectrum,the Baltic Amber has a peak of succinate carbonyl at about 1735 cm-1 and a"Baltic shoulder"at 1250-1156 cm-1.Myanmar Amber??C=O?absorption peak in the 1720-1728cm^-1.Dominican amber,Mexican amber and Colombian copal resin are similar to infrared spectra.The Copal resin has a carbonyl peak of 1670 cm-1,and there is a carbonyl peak of the carboxylic acid without esterification activity at 1670 cm^-11 due to the peak of??C=O?group affected by resin maturity.The Raman spectrum uses the ratio of 1646 cm^-11 representing the unsaturated C=C double bond stretching vibration and the 1450 cm^-11 intensity of the stretching vibration of saturated C-H,I1646/I1450,indicating the maturity of the petrochemical lipid sample.The highest maturity of Myanmar amber,while the Baltic Amber and Dominican amber N value is relatively close,indicating that N value as amber maturity of the discriminant index is not very accurate,can only be used as auxiliary criteria.Combined with GC-MS analysis data and infrared spectroscopy can be different through the chemical composition and structure to distinguish between different areas of amber and copal resin.A peak of about 895 cm^-11 can react to cis-olefins and structural concentrations with an outer methylene group;the width of the peak at 3450cm-1 can be used to show that there is a large amount of hydroxyl groups in the amber.It can be concluded that the combination of infrared absorption spectrum and TIC spectrum of GC-MS can be used as the basis for judging amber and Cobalt resin,and the origin of amber and Cobalt resin can be deduced,which provide a new way of thinking to solve the amber and copal resin identification and origin distinction.