| The development and utilization of mineral resources have brought great convenience and very considerable economic benefits to the people's production and life.Our daily life is also inseparable from all kinds of minerals and their industrial products,especially energy minerals,such as coal,petroleum,etc.are closely related to our daily life,decisive.However,with the large-scale and predatory over-exploitation of mineral resources in recent years,some ecological and environmental problems have gradually emerged.These problems have seriously threatened the lives and property of the people.The impact on the environment is also very serious.Huaying City is located in Guang'an City,Sichuan Province,in the hinterland of Huaying Mountain,with abundant coal resources,large reserves and easy mining.There are many coal mining enterprises in the area,basically underground mining.With the long-term large-scale and high-intensity over-exploitation,the geological environment problems caused by coal mining in the area have become more serious,which has caused greater impact on the normal production and life of local residents.Therefore,in recent years,the local government has also vigorously promoted the integration and reorganization of coal enterprises,eliminated backward production capacity,shut down backward enterprises and restored the ecological environment.In this paper,through a field survey of coal mines in Huaying City,combined with previous achievements and background information,this area has been evaluated by scientific evaluation methods and means for the geological environmental impacts caused by coal mining in the region.Work provides a reference.The main work and conclusions are as follows:(1)Taking the coal mine area in Huaying City as the research object,first of all,the relevant data of the area was collected,and a field investigation was conducted in the field.According to the survey results,the collected information about the basic conditions of the mining area,environmental geological characteristics,etc.,Detailed analysis of environmental geological problems caused during coal mining,as well as the distribution characteristics and influencing factors of geological disasters in this area.The results show that: the coal mines in Huaying City have huge reserves and large mining volumes,and many geological and environmental problems have been generated during the mining process,including the destruction of topography and landforms;the pollution of water resources;the destruction of land resources occupation;and Geological hazards such as debris flows,landslides,and collapses caused by the mining process,as well as the large-scale goafs formed.(2)A coal mine sampling point was deployed in the field,and 8 water samples,27 soil samples,and 5 coal gangue samples were collected,and all were sent to a professional laboratory for relevant analysis and testing.According to the test results,the water quality of the coal mine area Compared with national standards,the content of harmful metals in water exceeds the standard,mainly: Cu,Pb,Cr,Cd,Fe elements.The damage degree of heavy metal pollution in the soil of the mining area is relatively low.The main elements are Cd,Cu,Hg and Zn,and the potential ecological hazard index of the soil is evaluated.It is a medium potential ecological hazard.Combined with the test data of coal gangue,coal mining has caused environmental pollution problems.(3)Constructed the geological environment evaluation indicators of coal mines in Huaying City,and selected 14 evaluation indicators by applying the analytic hierarchy process to the geological environment problems caused by mining,such as terrain and landform destruction,water pollution,and secondary geological disasters,Covering the geological environment,geological disasters,external conditions,environmental geochemistry and other aspects to determine the evaluation index system,establish an evaluation model,and comprehensively evaluate the impact of coal mining on the geological environment in Huaying City.And on the basis of evaluation,the geological environment impact degree is partitioned by reasonable principles,and it is divided into serious area,heavier area and general area according to the different impact levels.Among them,the heaviest area has the largest area,and a few areas are serious areas,which is related to the restoration and management work carried out locally.This shows that certain achievements have been made in the restoration and management of mining areas.(4)According to the comprehensive evaluation results of the geological environment and the results of field investigations,put forward targeted prevention plans and countermeasures to the geological environment problems of coal mines in Huaying City,and provide a basis for guiding the local geological environment governance and the rational development and utilization of mineral resources. |
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