The Comprehensive Utilization Of Apple Pomace

Apple pomace is the main by-product of apple juice processing industry,which contains a variety of nutrients,but usually was abandoned as waste.The apple polyphenol has strong antioxidant capacity,so can be applied in the food,medicine,health care products and cosmetics etc.Apple pomace can also be fermented for production of fuel alcohol,so that its social benefit and economic benefit increased.After fermentation the apple pomace residue contains a large number of bacteria,and during the fermentation process also has protein content increased produced,and can be used as biological feed.This study made apple pomace change from agricultural waste into new resourcesThrough ethanol concentration,material-liquid ratio,extraction temperature,extraction time the single factor experiment for apple polyphenol extraction conditions were studued,and two return orthogonal optimization,the optimal apple pomace extraction conditions were as follow:ethanol concentration 50%,material-liquid ratio 1:12,extraction temperature 70℃,extraction time 2h,apple slag maximum extraction rate was 8.38mg/g(on apple pomace dry basis).After the apple residue removed phenol was dried,saccharifying cellulase and pectinase in the ratio of 1:1 were added.the amount of enzyme,pH,time on the basis of single factors,the reducing sugar yield was as index for orthogonal test,the optimal conditions of phenol removal was as this of enzyme saccharification is 3%,the initial pH 4.5,5h saccharification,the saccharifying the reducing sugar yield is 97.92mg/g(dephenolized apple pomace dry basis).Further optimization of wine yeast for alcohol fermentation.The inoculum,initial pH,bran addition,fermentation temperature and fermentation time was as the test factors,orthogonal design of fermentation were optimized,optimal fermentation conditions were obtained:inoculation size 8%,initial pH4.0,bran addition 15%,fermentation temperature 30℃,fermentation time 4d,the ethanol yield was 166.59mL/kg(dephenolized apple pomace dry basis).In distilled alcohol residue protein content increased as 6.06 times,which 1.67 times than fat,calcium and phosphorus were increased by 6.38 times and 6.00 times.Cellulose content decreased from 13.7%to 5.5%,through the hydrolysis of cellulase and pectinase into microbial fermentation of sugar.Nutrients and protein are greatly improved,suitable for use as a biological feed.