Study On The Preparation And Adsorption Characteristics Of Cotton Sheet To Oils

With the developing in the oil industry,oil is important energy.It may be harmful with environment during exploring,producing and transportation.The paper was focused on the cotton sheet prepared by needle to make clear the absorption characteristic,the effect factors and provide guidance for the production and application for cotton sheet.The main work conclusions were including the four fields as following:(1)Preparation and structure of cotton sheetWith cotton linter and polypropylene as raw material,cotton sheet and polypropylene/cotton composite nonwoven fabric were prepared by needling process which was porous observed by SEM.The porosity is calculated between 85～97%.(2)Oil-absorption performance of cotton sheetMake the oil-absorption rate,oil-retention,wicking height as index to evaluate the oil absorption performance of cotton sheet and polypropylene nonwoven fabric.It was found that the oil-absorption rate of cotton sheet was about 9～20g/g while was just 3～7g/g for polypropylene nonwoven fabric.The oil-retention of both cotton sheet and polypropylene nonwoven fabric were above 80%and the former is larger than the latter.The wicking height of all the samples of cotton sheet is slightly greater than polypropylene nonwoven fabric.The oil-absorption rate of polypropylene/cotton composite nonwoven fabric was about 8-9.1g/g which is smaller than cotton sheet,which explain the composite process affecting its oil-absorbing performance to a certain extent.The oil-retention of polypropylene/cotton composite nonwoven fabric was above 80%.It is close to cotton sheet.(3)The microscopic adsorption capacity of cotton sheetThe static contact angle and spread process of cotton sheet and polypropylene nonwoven fabric with kinds of liquids such as engine oil,diesel oil,lubricating oil and water were investigated using Optical Contact Angle Device(OCA15EC).It was found that cotton sheet and polypropylene nonwoven fabric are the excellent oleophylic and hydrophobic.The contact angle to water are more than 110°,but to various kinds of oils are less than 60°.The water on the surface of both cotton sheet and polypropylene nonwoven fabric do not change with time while the oils were absorbed immediately.It needs about 1500ms for oils completed absorbed by cotton sheet.But it takes about 2000ms for oils completed absorbed by polypropylene nonwoven fabric.The polypropylene/cotton composite nonwoven fabric had the similar adsorption properties with cotton sheet,but cotton sheet was more oleophylic.(4)Affect factors of the absorption capabilityThe factors that influence the absorption capability,the morphology of the cotton sheet and the single fiber was tested by scanning electron microscopy and OCA15EC.The viscosity,density and surface tension of oils were tested by SNB-2 digital rotation viscometer and DCAT11 surface tension.Studies have shown that cotton fiber has lumen structure and natural convolution which has excellent storage capacity.Cotton sheet is porous nonwoven fiber providing access and space for fluid infiltration.in addition,the larger viscosity of oils,the slower the oil spreading and the greater the surface tension,the slower the oil spreading.