Identification Of Genus Mauremys Species And Its Development Of Health Food

Objective:Based on the previous studies,the identification of the Genus Mauremys was studied.For the later product development,the shell of tortoise and Mauremys was used respectively with glossy ganoderma in the formulation process development.Methods:The identification of the color,ridges,size and spot of Mauremys shell was conducted.The color of Mauremys shell powder?the bone chips and the cuticle plates were observed through optical microscop.The content of amino acid in tortoise shell was compared.In order to determine the optimal extraction process,the orthogonal experiment was conducted for effects of the extraction times,duration and water volume on the extractive yield of Mauremys shell.In order to determine the optimal extraction process,the orthogonal experiment was designed for the effects of the extraction times,duration and water volume on the extractive yield of glossy ganoderma polysaccharide.With meltability as an indicator,the process of developing tortoiseshell granules was developed through process selection,type and amount of diluent,and particle size screening.Pre-experiments were conducted to screen prescription diluents and adhesives,and finally the DOE design was conducted to develop the formula of mixed powder of Ganoderma lucidum and tortoise shell.According to the designed prescription process,three batches of samples were prepared with Mauremys shell and tortoise shell respectively.The traits,particle size,moisture,and solubility check were performed according to the 2015 edition of the ChP.Quality standards were initially established.Results:Through source and trait identification,it was found that the species of Genus Mauremys not only have some common features,but also have distinct characteristics which mainly showed in head and neck body stripes,eyeliners,tortoiseshell color,ridge edges,plastron stains,scutellum Size and other aspects.The differences were found in the bone fragments,keratinocytes,pigment spots,traits,size and color of tortoises shell powder through microscopy.It was found that Mauremys shell contain 4 kind of amino acids recorded in the ChP.Through the screening,the optimum extraction process for Tortoiseshell was extracting 4 times,5 hours each time,and the water consumption was 8 times.The extraction rate of Mauremys shell was comparable to that of Turtle Tortoise shell.Compared with the traditional extraction process,the modern extraction process greatly shortened the extraction time and improved the extraction efficiency.Through the screening,the optimum process of extracting the polysaccharide from Ganoderma lucidum was extracting 3 times,1.5 hours each time and using 18 times of water.It was indicated that the insolubility of tortoiseshell powder could be solved through the lyophilization and the diluent dispersion and pulverization granulation process.5% mannitol was used in the lyophilization process leading to good freeze-drying moldability.2 times the amount of mannitol and 0.3 times the amount of colloidal silica were used in diluent dispersion and pulverization granulation process.The tortoiseshell particles were grinded and then screened by sieve with 80 Mesh.The dissolubility of tortoiseshell particles was about 1minute.The diluent dispersion and pulverization granulation process was selected taking into account the feasibility of large-scale production.The Ganoderma lucidum tortoise particles were prepared with mannitol-sucrose(1:1,w/w)mixed powder as diluent and PVP(10%,w/v)solution as binder.On the basis of preliminary experiments,DOE design was conducted.The amount of diluent,binder,and magnesium stearate were the main factors.The results showed that the most important factor affecting the overall quality of Ganoderma lucidum tortoise particles was the amount of magnesium stearate,followed by the amount of binder and the amount of diluent.In DOE design,the influence of 3 main factors on the solubility of Ganoderma lucidum tortoise particles was compared,the sequence from high to low was: Magnesium stearate content,Adhesive content and Diluent content.The influence of 3 main factors on the fluidity was compared,the sequence from high to low was: Adhesive content,Magnesium stearate content and Diluent content.The influence of 3 main factors on the particle size was compared,the sequence from high to low was: Adhesive content,Magnesium stearate content and Diluent content.According to the designed prescription process,three batches of samples were prepared with Mauremys shell and tortoise shell respectively.The traits,particle size,moisture,and solubility check were performed according to the 2015 edition of the CP.The quality of all the batch samples meets the prescribed standards.Conclusion:The source,characteristic and microscopic identification of Genus Mauremys was conducted.The amino acid content was determined.The optimal extraction process of Mauremys shell,tortoise shell and Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides was developed.The formulation and preparation of Ganoderma lucidum tortoise particles was reasonable,and the quality control standard for the particles was initially established.