Spatial-temporal Characteristics And Influence Factors Of Air Pollutants In Hubei

The accelerating process of urbanization,the lag of economic structure transformation and the blind promotion of urban construction make the urban air quality deteriorating in Hubei province.The complex regional characteristics of air pollution have become a bottleneck restricting the sustainable development of urban economy,society and ecology.The temporal and spatial characteristics and influence factors of air pollution in Hubei province are studied to provide an effective reference for every county and city in Hubei to control air pollution according to local conditions,which is of great practical significance.Firstly,the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of three kinds of air pollutants from provincial,municipal and county three scale in Hubei province by using statistical and GIS methods,and then taking Wuhan city as a case study,analysis of factors affecting the air quality of city environment by using the PSR model,and finally use SR model to explore the health effects of pollutants and the longevity level.The conclusions obtained in this paper are as follows:(1)the concentration of SO2 and NO2 in Hubei province was not exceeding the standard in 2001-2016 years,and the concentration of PM10 was seriously exceeding the standard,and the rate of exceeding the standard was 34%.The load coefficient of air pollutants is sorted from large to small:PM10>NO2>SO2.Daniel trend test results showed that SO2 showed a significant decline trend,NO2 showed no significant upward trend,PM10 showed no significant downward trend.Among the three kinds of pollutants,the pollution of SO2 in Hubei province was obviously improved,and the pollution of PM10 was still very serious.(2)the proportion of SO2 and NO2 in Hubei province is more than 94%,and the proportion of PM10 in city is only 12%.The annual average distribution histograms of pollutants showed that the number of cities in NO2 and SO2 increased in low concentration area,the number of cities in SO2 high concentration area decreased,and the number of cities in NO2 and PM10 high concentration area did not change significantly.The proportion of SO2,NO2,PM10 and comprehensive pollution index P decreased significantly(P=0.05),which accounted for 41.2%,0%,29.4%and 29.4%respectively.The proportion of cities with significant upward trend(P= 0.05)was 5.9%,11.8%,5.9%and 5.9%respectively.(3)the temporal and spatial distribution map of air pollutants in Hubei province at provincial,city and county scale show that the pollution of SO2 and PM10 in Hubei province has been greatly reduced in 2001-2016 years,and the heavily polluted area has decreased significantly,but the pollution concentration distribution pattern is obvious.SO2 polluted area by Hubei area to East Hubei,Enshi,SO2 pollution is very fruitful.In addition to the Shennongjia forest region and Enshi cities in Western Hubei,PM10 pollution has a large scale of particulate matter pollution.The pollution of Xiangyang,Yichang,Wuhan,Huangshi and Jingzhou is the most serious.There was no obvious change in the distribution pattern of NO2 pollution in Hubei province.The serious area of NO2 pollution is concentrated in northwestern Hubei and Southeastern Hubei.Specific cities include Shiyan,Xiangyang,Yichang,Wuhan and Huangshi,among which Wuhan has the most serious pollution.(4)Under the background of the city,the number of civilian vehicles,housing construction area,the per capita GDP,total industrial output value,scale factor built area,the population density of these 6 effects have a negative impact on the air quality in Wuhan City,the number of civilian vehicles and housing construction area is the main influencing factors.Meteorological factors,average temperature,average vapor pressure and SO2,NO2,CO,PM2.5 and PM10 were negatively correlated,and positively related to O3.There was a significant negative correlation between precipitation and SO2,NO2 and CO.In addition,Wuhan city is easily affected by the sandstorm weather in the north because of the topographic reasons.(5)Older people are more exposed to air pollutants due to toxic accumulation effects.The results of stepwise regression analysis of pollutants and longevity showed that the relationship between PM10 and 100-year-old population,and between S02 and senior-aged levels showed a positive correlation in the digital sense.Per capita GDP was included in the regression model to adjust,and the results showed that per capita GDP had no significant correlation with the 100-year-old population and seniority.