| Wetland is a concentrated expression of ecological diversity.It gathers the rich characteristics of earth creatures,can promote the.metabolism of the environment,has a strong ecological protection function,and can provide a natural basis for humansurvival.Wetland plays an important role in the sustainable development of human environment.Taking full consideration of the protection of wetlands andsynchronizing urban development and environmental protection from a reasonable and appropriate perspective is an important step in the process of urban development and construction.This paper uses the remote sensing image data and environmental monitoring data that can be collected from 2004 to 2017 to study the wetland in Tianjin Binhai New Area,and usesimage synthesis and artificial visual interpretation to monitor and classify urban wetland distribution.The area aad type of the wetland and the landscape characteristics were analyzed,and the variation trend was summarized.The research results are as follows:1.Through the supervised classification of the remote sensing images of the research areas in the five periods of 2004,2007,2010,2013 and 2017,supplemented by visual interpretation,the wetland cover information of the study area in five periods was extracted and obtained a higher Interpretation accuracy.2.As of 2017,the area of wetland in Binhai New Area of Tianjin is about 1519.21km2.The types of wetlands include constructed wetlands,river wetlands,lake wetlands,marsh wetlands and coastal wetlands,and their area accounts for 18.13%,3.99%,0.20%,10.48%,17.49%of the total area,the largest area of constructed wetlands.3.Between 2004 and 2017,as the construction land increased,the total wetland area gradually decreased,and the difference between different wetland types was large.The reduction rate of natural wetlands is obviously greater than that of constructed wetlands.The natural wetlands in Tianjin Binhai New Area are gradually shrinking.,and the natural wetlands gradually evolve into constructed wetlands.4.The wetland landscape structure of Tianjin Binhai District is complex.The landscape analysis of each research year is carried out based on the four landscape indicators and four landscape level indicators.Finally,it was found that the offshore and near-shore wetlands,river wetlands and lake wetlands in the study area have increased year by year,and the constructed wetlands and swamp wetland landscapes have certain integrity.From the perspective of the whole landscape structure,the wetland landscape in the study area has developed from the beginning to the disorderly development,and the structure in the later period has gradually stabilized.The overall degree of landscape aggregation has gradually increased from scattered to late.5.Through research,there are many reasons for the reduction of wetland area,including natural factors and human factors.Based on natural factors,population growth and economic development factors,the effects of precipitation and temperature on the wetland changes in Tianjin were analyzed.At the same time,the correlation between wetland area changes and population and various economic indicators was analyzed based on the statistics of social economic development.Finally,human factors were found to be highly correlated with wetland changes,and economic and population growth were the main factors for wetland changes. |
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