Temporal And Spatial Distribution Characteristics And Influencing Factors Of Urban Air Quality In Henan Province

In recent years,due to the rapid development of China's economy,the process of urbanization has accelerated,and extensive economic growth methods,technologies,and management levels have lagged behind,resulting in serious air pollution,causing great problems for people's normal social life and urban pollution problems.Has become China's current most concerned environmental issues,therefore,the proper relief of urban air pollution has become the most urgent task in today's society.Due to the influence of many factors such as society,economy,geography,etc.,the environmental pollution of each city is not the same,and the environmental issues are clearly regional.It is of great importance to solve the urban environmental problems scientifically,systematically,and specifically.The comprehensive and systematic analysis of urban air environment quality data is an important topic and content in current urban environmental management work.In response to this problem,this paper selects cities in Henan Province as the research area,and analyzes the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of air quality in cities of Henan Province and their relationship with meteorological-socio-economic factors based on the air quality data from 2014 to 2017.The analysis results are as follows:1)The urban air quality in Henan Province is not optimistic.The air pollution levels are dominated by good and light pollution.The province's primary pollutants are mainly PM_2.5,and there are large differences in seasonal pollutants,of which the main ones are ozone in summer.For the primary pollutants,PM_2.5.5 is the main pollutant in winter,and the proportion of pollutants in the spring and autumn seasons is not significant.In terms of time scale,the air quality of Henan Province was clearly better from2014 to 2017.Except that the air quality of Luoyang and Hebi deteriorated,the air environment of other cities gradually became better;the air quality of Henan cities showed a clear seasonal trend.In the winter of2016,air pollution was the most serious,mild pollution occurred in spring,and air quality was relatively good in summer and autumn.The seasonal variation of air quality significantly changed in 2017.The winter AQI decreased significantly to near the spring AQI value.Summer AQI The value was significantly increased,and the air quality in autumn was the best.The monthly average value of urban air quality index showed“U”type distribution characteristics.The peak values mainly appeared in December or January,and the lowest values mainly appeared in July to October.In terms of spatial scale,cities with serious air pollution are mainly concentrated in the cities of Zhengzhou,Anyang and Jiao in central and northern Henan Province.The urban air quality in Yudong and Yunan is relatively good;the air quality index has obvious spatial autocorrelation.Sexuality shows a strong spatial agglomeration effect.That is to say,AQIs in one region are not isolated from the AQIs in neighboring regions,but are interconnected.2)By analyzing the relationship between the AQI and the meteorological parameters in the same period,it is found that the AQI is more closely related to the typical meteorological factors such as precipitation,temperature and wind speed.When the precipitation is greater than 10 mm,the air pollution is significantly inhibited,which is conducive to the improvement of air quality;the effect of wind speed on air quality has a dual role,is more complex,and basically has an inverse relationship,and it is significant with AQI in autumn and winter.The negative correlation,that is,the higher the wind speed,the better the air quality,but the effect of spring and summer is not obvious;the temperature and the AQI showed a significant negative correlation,that is,the higher the temperature,the better the air quality.Through the establishment of the regression model,the relationship between air quality index and socio-economic factors was found.Among them,AQI has a significant positive correlation with population density and comprehensive energy consumption,and it is also positively correlated with the investment in energy conservation and environmental protection funds.There is a significant negative correlation between green coverage and per capita GDP.It shows that the more densely populated the city,the more serious the overall energy consumption of cities is,the more serious the air pollution is;while the cities with high per capita GDP have high living standards and strong environmental awareness,they will pay more attention to urban afforestation,so the air quality is relatively better.However,the current investment in energy conservation and environmental protection has not yet been able to curb the rise in the air quality index.In this paper,through the scientific exploration and research on urban air quality changes and pollution characteristics in Henan Province,the main air environment problems in Henan Province are revealed,and the influencing factors are analyzed.This has implications for the development of air quality prediction and sustainable development in Henan Province.Certain environmental scientific significance and practical application of reference value.