The Effect Of Drying Methods On Quality And Antioxidant Activity Of Hericium Erinaceus

Hericium erinaceus is a kind of precious food and medicine macrofungi.The dried H.erinaceus are main product for long term storage and transportation.In the present study,different drying methods were used to dry the fresh H.erinaceus samples,and 12 core quality indexes were analyzed according our previous studies.The most beneficial of quality monitoring system to the drying methods of H.erinaceus were screened out.Meanwhile,the antioxidant activity of the phenolic compounds of H.erinaceus was also determined.(1)The fresh H.erinaceus samples were treated with natural drying,freeze drying,hot air drying,vacuum drying and microwave drying,and then the main nutrients including dried ash and crude protein were determined.The results showed that the highest content of crude protein was(125.75±22.86)mg/g found in the vacuum drying group,and the lowest values were found in samples of the hot air drying at 70℃.The highest ash content was found in the vacuum drying at 60℃ treatment group with the value of(60.81±3.87)mg/g;while the lowest value of(38.29±3.61)mg/g was found in the natural dry group.(2)The contents of Ca,Mg,Mn,Fe,Cu,Zn,and Sr in fruiting bodies of H.erinaceus were determined by ICP-OES.The results showed that the highest Mg,Fe and Zn contents of(867.6±4.3)μg/g and(80.3±3.0)μg/g and(38.7±1.1)μg/g were all found in natural dry group,and the highest Ca content was(286.2±61.5)μg/g found in the microwave drying group at 4.02 kW.(3)The contents of crude polysaccharides,sterols,total phenolics and flavonoids in the fruit bodies of dried H.erinaceus were determined.The results showed that the content of crude polysaccharides in natural dried H.erinaceus was the highest(98.76±5.44)mg/g,and the highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents were found in the vacuum drying group at 70℃,with the values of(7.71±0.15)mg/g and(4.44±0.62)mg/g,respectively.(4)Two in vitro antioxidation experiments were conducted to study the antioxidant capacity of phenolic compounds from different drying methods;Vc was as the positive control.The DPPH free radical scavenging rate of different dry methods was between 59.17%and 93.34%when the concentration of total phenolic compounds was 50 μg/mL,and the DPPH free radical scavenging rate of Vc was 94.29%;the ABTS+ clearance rate of phenolic compounds from the different dry methods was close to 100%at the concentration of 50μg/mL,almost the same as that of Vc.These results indicated that the phenolic substances of the H.erinaceus had strong DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging activities.