Experimental Study On The Pyrolysis And Gasification Characteristics Of Solid Waste In Villages And Process Design

The generation of municipal solid waste(MSW)has increased gradually with the improvement of economic and living standards of people.It is projected that by 2,020,200 million tons/year will be produced.The pyrolysis technology for MSW,compared with incineration,has a higher WTE(Waste to Energy)rate,lower second-step pollution and are suitable for small scale operation.It has been considered a more suitable MSW treatment technology in small towns.In this paper,five typical components of domestic waste are studied to explore their pyrolysis characteristics,and provide the basis for industrial production.The main research contents and results are as follows:In this paper,Py-GC / MS was used to study the rapid pyrolysis of five typical components in domestic waste(paper,plastic,sawdust,fabric and vegetable peel).Paper,wood chips,fabric and vegetable peel components are similar,so the products are similar,too.Plastic products vary greatly.With the increase of the final temperature of the rapid pyrolysis experiment,the peak height of most product peaks showed a decreasing trend.It means the pyrolysis of organic components decreased.Therefore,we can reduce tar production by increasing the final temperature,but the change in temperature has a different effect on the different components of tar.The typical single components of domestic waste were combined.TG-FTIR was used to analyze the thermogravimetric analysis and gas product analysis of single sample samples and mixed samples.After 500?,the TG curves of all the five components began to be gentle.When the temperature was higher than 800?,most of the components were completely transformed.After 800 ?,the pyrolysis temperature increased with the conversion has little effect.When the composition of each component is similar,the composition becomes the main influencing factor of the law of mixed pyrolysis.When the composition of each component varies greatly,whether the interval distribution of the individual pyrolysis weight loss coincidences is the main influencing factor of the law of mixed pyrolysis.The pyrolysis and gasification of domestic waste basically meets the first-order reaction of chemical kinetic reaction,and the fitting result is better.A 100-ton MSW pyrolysis gasification system is designed,which is mainly composed of pretreatment facilities,main pyrolysis gasifier and flue gas treatment system.The main pyrolysis gasifier adopted an external thermal rotary kiln.In the design,the inclination of the kiln ? = 2 °,sin? = 0.0349,the kiln rotation speed n = 1r/min,the residence time t = 40 min,Material filling rate ? = 0.1,domestic waste feed rate 4.19t/h,calculated D = 1.81 m,L = 25.34 m.At the same time,a set of flue gas purification system is designed,including quench tower,electromagnetic pulse dust collector,waste heat utilization and cooling device,carbon fiber filter device,heat exchange device and dioxin chemical catalytic device.The economy of domestic waste pyrolysis and gasification technology in villages is analyzed.Domestic waste treatment in villages is faced with a large range and scattered,collection,transportation system to be established,smaller scale,higher cost and lack of financial resources and many other issues.Pyrolysis and gasification technology is more applicable to the treatment of rural domestic waste.By example analysis found it is economically feasible.We found the government's subsidy for domestic waste disposal is very important.The more small-scale projects are,the higher the government subsidies are.Otherwise,it will be very difficult to maintain profits.Adopting a new type of industrial operation mode,establishing a third-party governance responsibility system and restraint mechanism are the future directions for the development of the domestic waste disposal industry in villages.