Study On Local Spatial Structure Of Social Ecosystem In Different Altitude On East Slope Of The Gaoligong Mountains

Social-ecological system emphasizes integration of ecosystems and human society from the perspective of human being and nature.At present,the studying of ecosystem of community mainly focus on resilience,adaptability and vulnerability and it is relatively rare in the research of its spatial structure because of lack of relevant data as reference.In this paper,from the perspective of the social-ecological system,I make use of participatory survey,semi-structure interviewing and household surveys and other methods,and select Hanlong,Manggang and Manghuang as the research objects with different altitude located on Gaoligong Mountains,and study in detail the landscape composition and spatial pattern of systems to clarify the impact of the natural conditions to the natural landscape composition and spatial pattern,socioeconomic conditions to the patterns of land use,and structure classification systems of land cover in a village domain scale to reveal difference and causes of spatial structure on social ecological system in different altitude region.The main conclusions to the study are:1.According to Area-Weighted Patch Fractal Dimension,Total Class Area and Percentage of Landscape,the three villages are typically agricultural community and it is strongly interaction between the activities of villager and landscape;Vegetation as matrix is dominant in the overall landscape with contiguous distribution.2.According to Interspersion Juxtaposition Index,the limit of natural conditions to Hanlong Village is minimum,followed by Manghuang Village,and Manggang Village affected by natural conditions is maximum than the other villages.3.According to Patch Cohesion Index,Edge Density,Number of Patches and Mean Patch Area,all kinds of patches of the three villages are much more compact.An analogy with the three villages,Hanlong Village has the best connectivity and the most orderly landscape and the lowest degree of fragmentation because it is limited by natural conditions to the lesser extent.The Litchi of Manggang Village and the number of patch of the temperate coniferous forest with much more and decentralization have a stronger capacity of resisting disturbance than other patch.4.From the altitude,the composition and structure of V-SES also appeared to accordingly change,because the three villages formed certain elevation gradient in east slo-pe in Gaoligong Mountains.Manggang Village with the nature of transition in the components of landscape which both have the partial type of patch of Hanlong and Manghuang lies between Hanlong and Manghuang Village;At the same time,the three villages have their own unique types of patch such as the Amomumtsaoko of Hanlong Village and the Litchi,Temperate Coniferous Forest and peach of Manggang village,and Mango of Manghuang Village.5.From the analysis of data in the socioeconomic conditions,Owing to Hanlong village adjacent to conservation,Hanlong Village geographically occupies an absolute advantage and it is the most degree of dependence of Hanlong Village to conservation than the other village.The other economic income in Hanlong Village accounted for 12.85%of all income.And from surveys and statistics,the incomes from 12.85%mainly come from the work involved in tourism of conservation.There are few people in Manggang and Manghuang Village pursuing the related work for remuneration at present.6.Farmers as the most basic unit of ecosystem of community in village and independent economy are facing double risk from market and nature.However,the economic income of the study area mainly comes from the development and utilization of vegetation and it is more dependent on the nature.Combined with single planting structure and lack of information lead to the instability of economic income;Because of the restrictions to natural and traffic conditions,the residence of farmers show the distribution pattern is inhabit a region The lower degree of emphasizing on education lead to the backward development of science and technology.Agricultural product is mainly for rough machining and there have lower technology and additional value.Few people would like to try cropping traditional Chinese medicine like Dendrobium with high-input,high-risk and high-yield people need cropping patterns of profession and technology.In the recent years,tourism-re la ted industries are increasing,but villagers involved in the tourism industry can only provide basic accommodation for tourists and simple guide services,and be lack of specialized training and lead to low income.The spatial differences of the three villages are influenced synthetically by natural conditions,economic benefits,education,industrial structure and social customs.