Study On The Green Extraction Process Of Almond Oil And The Enrichment And Separation Of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

Wild almond oil is rich in nutritional value,including oleic acid and linoleic acid content is high,which linoleic acid is essential fatty acids,because the body can not be normal synthesis,so regular supplement linoleic acid can guarantee human health.In recent years,people for theω-6 series,including linoleic acid,linolenic acid,arachidonic acid,ω-6 series of polyunsaturated fatty acid physiological function has a clear understanding,with a variety of cardiovascular disease can be alleviated,High anti-cancer performance,can enhance insulin,weight loss and other effects,its research field continues to expand,the application of market potential.In this paper,the two problems of high value-added products with deep processing of wild almond oil processing industry were studied.In this study,three kinds of green extraction techniques were used to study the extraction parameters of wild almond oil from the wild almond in western Liaoning.The extraction of wild almond oil was carried out and analyzed by alkali-catalyzed ethyl ester exchange Rare mountain almond oil fatty acid ethyl ester,and the use of molecular distillation equipment enrichment separation wild almond oil polyunsaturated fatty acids,and made a comparative study of physical and chemical properties,wild almond oil for deep processing to provide technical support.Mainly includes the following aspects:（1）Three kinds of green extraction techniques were used to extract wild almond from mechanical cold pressing method,supercritical CO₂ extraction method and alcohol enzyme method respectively,and the extraction parameters were optimized.The optimum technological parameters of the mechanical cold pressing method at the press pressure of 50MPa are:the addition amount of wild almond is 800g,the pressing temperature is 60℃,the pressing time is 150min.The experimental results show that the yield of this parameter is 67.22%.The optimum extraction conditions were as follows:the extraction pressure was 30MPa,the extraction temperature was45℃,the static extraction time was 80min,and the dynamic extraction time was The yield of wild almond oil was 81.57%under 120 min.The optimum process parameters were as follows:the total amount of enzyme was 2.00%,the concentration of ethanol was 20.00%,the time was 130min,the ratio of material to liquid was 1:7.Almond oil yield of up to 49.86%.（2）The method of ethyl esterification of wild almond oil was studied by alkali catalysis.The influencing factors of ethyl esterification process of almond oil were studied.The optimum conditions of ethyl esterification of wild almond oil were optimized by single factor orthogonal experiment:The molar conversion rate of wild almond oil was 94.21%when the temperature was 70℃,the time was 80min,the molar ratio of alcohol to oil was 7:1,and the addition of NaOH was 1.4%.The distillation pressure was 15Pa,the distillation temperature was 115℃,the scraping film speed was 210r/min,the feed drip rate was 30 drops/min,and the wild almond oil was not enriched by the molecular distillation technology.The relative content of linoleic acid in saturated fatty acids was 75.29%.（3）The composition and physicochemical properties of wild almond oil prepared by three kinds of green extraction methods were analyzed.The results showed that the main components of almond oil prepared by three kinds of green extraction methods were oleic acid and linoleic acid.Three kinds of extraction methods The content of linoleic acid in the oil is followed by the method of alcoholic acid>supercritical extraction method>mechanical cold pressing method.The difference of acid value,saponification value,peroxide value,odor and color of wild almond oil produced by three kinds of green extraction methods was obvious.On the whole,the olive enzyme extraction of oil quality is the best.（4）The iodine value of ethyl ester of wild almond oil after molecular distillation increased,the acid value and peroxide value decreased,the relative content of linoleic acid increased from 24.78%to 75.29%,the content increased more than 3 times,indicating that the molecular distillation technology can Application of wild almond oil in the deep processing,to solve the problem of polyunsaturated fatty acid enrichment,improve the quality of wild almond oil grease.（5）The antioxidant activity of wild almond oil prepared by three methods has better antioxidant activity in vitro,and the almond of wild almond oil after molecular distillation has stronger antioxidant activity in vitro than that of wild almond oil.